“…Bovine serum albumin (BSA), which exhibits high structural homology with human serum albumin and is more readily available, has been extensively studied as a model protein in various fields. − Over the years, numerous methods, including electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, near-infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, capillary electrophoresis, and UV spectroscopy, have been developed for BSA detection. Although these methods offer high selectivity and sensitivity, they suffer from drawbacks such as inaccurate measurement results, complex operational procedures, poor reproducibility, and time-consuming measurements. − In contrast, the fluorescence probe method, characterized by its ease of use, accuracy, and excellent reproducibility, has emerged as an ideal detection method, gaining increasing attention from analysts. − …”