Turning acne on/off via mTORC1

Danby, F. William

doi:10.1111/exd.12180

Cited by 23 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Hyperinsulinaemia, secondary to a high‐GI diet, increases the ratio of IGF‐1 to insulin‐like growth factor‐binding protein‐3, thus enhancing the effects of IGF‐1. In addition, milk and milk products contain IGF‐1, and it has been hypothesized that high‐GI foods, fats, meat and dairy proteins increase levels of insulin and IGF‐1 . Levels of insulin and IGF‐1 feed into the mammalian target of rapamycin complex‐1 and forkhead box O1 signalling pathways, linking nutrient availability to the signalling processes involved in acne pathogenesis .…”

Section: Potential Determinants Of Acnementioning

confidence: 99%

A global perspective on the epidemiology of acne

2015

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SummaryAcne is estimated to affect 9Á4% of the global population, making it the eighth most prevalent disease worldwide. Epidemiological studies have demonstrated that acne is most common in postpubescent teens, with boys most frequently affected, particularly with more severe forms of the disease. This paper aims to provide an update on the epidemiology of acne worldwide. Recent general and institutional studies from around the world have shown that the prevalence of acne is broadly consistent globally (with the exception of specific populations, which are discussed). However, this review highlights that there is a wide range of disparate outcome measures being applied in epidemiology studies, and we emphasize the need to develop a widely accepted, credible, standard assessment scale to address this in the future. In addition we discuss special populations, such as those devoid of acne, as well as the impact of potential determinants of acne on disease epidemiology.Acne vulgaris, or acne, is a common condition with a wide range of potential harms and associated costs. The former include symptomatic discomfort, scarring, emotional and psychosocial distress, occupational consequences and potential psychiatric disturbances including depression and suicide. Identification of individuals at risk of these sequelae can contribute to reducing the morbidity associated with acne.The Global Burden of Disease Project estimates the prevalence of acne at 9Á4%, ranking it as the eighth most prevalent disease worldwide. 1,2This initiative established prevalence and disability data from primary research manuscripts and databases, and conducted subsequent data analysis with a Bayesian meta-regression methodology, providing a means to harmonize discordant data and to account for a lack of data in geographical, temporal or other demographic items.2 While this project uses primary research findings to inform global metrics, there has not been a recent attempt to collate and present the world literature on acne prevalence collected over the past decade and a half. The last such review of acne prevalence in both general and schoolaged populations comprised literature up to 1995.

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Section: Potential Determinants Of Acnementioning

confidence: 99%

A global perspective on the epidemiology of acne

2015

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“…Dairy products and highly refined simple carbohydrates, two typical features of the BWestern^diet, seem to mediate the initial plugging of the follicular duct, through hormonal influences [54]. Dairy products contain three components that induce the blockage of the follicular duct.…”

Section: Hs and Metabolic Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hidradenitis suppurativa/Acne inversa: an endocrine skin disorder?

Karagiannidis

Nikolakis

Sabat

et al. 2016

Rev Endocr Metab Disord

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Hidradenitis suppurativa / acne inversa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory, debilitating skin disorder with a largely unknown etiology. However, many observations such as the typical onset of the disease after puberty, the female predominance, the pre-menstrual flare ups and the improvement during pregnancy suggest a contribution of endocrinological factors to the emergence of the disease. In addition, the reported efficacy of anti-androgen treatment on HS indicates a possible involvement of androgens in the pathogenesis. Furthermore, the common comorbidity with metabolic syndrome points to possible interactions between endocrinological and metabolic alterations in the development of HS. Taking into account the endocrine functions of the human skin, several studies investigated the effects of hormones and the behavior of the pilosebaceous unit in the skin of patients with HS. In this review we describe the current view on the hormonal dysregulation and metabolic syndrome and their role in HS.

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“…Elevated insulin (from the combination of high glycemic carbohydrate load and dairy whey) and IGF-1 (induced by casein in milk) open these receptors and expose them to circulating androgens [19]. Androgens from any source can then access previously inaccessible androgen receptors.…”

Section: Dietmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All dairy products contain natural androgens and their precursors, numerous growth factors, and polypeptides that promote both hyperinsulinemia and higher levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), all of which lead to a greater exposure of the FPSU to androgens [19]. The link to obesity is documented [17] and the use of .…”

Section: Dietary and Metabolic Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hidradenitis suppurativa

Margesson

Danby

2014

Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecol

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Hidradenitis suppurativa is a chronic relapsing disorder of the folliculopilosebaceous units (FPSUs). Its negative impact on quality of life is extreme, mainly due to the lack of early recognition, accurate diagnosis, and appropriate management. The support structure of the FPSUs is defective. Under the influence of endogenous reproductive hormones, exogenous hormones, androgens and their precursors in dairy products, and other dietary factors, the follicular unit is plugged and distended by retained keratin. Friction, shearing forces, and pressure lead to rupture and leakage of the ductal contents from the weakened FPSU, causing an inflammatory reaction mediated mainly by the innate immune system. Therapy requires patient comprehension and cooperation, counseling, aggressive hormonal and dietary modification, avoidance of the trauma that leads to rupture, active multimodal anti-inflammatory therapy, and early unroofing and debridement. The full therapeutic program is needed to avoid the aggressive surgery required if the condition is not diagnosed early and managed appropriately.

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Turning acne on/off via mTORC1

Cited by 23 publications

References 19 publications

A global perspective on the epidemiology of acne

A global perspective on the epidemiology of acne

Hidradenitis suppurativa/Acne inversa: an endocrine skin disorder?

Hidradenitis suppurativa

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