“…In many of the studies reviewed, the researchers used total scale scores in a path analysis model when they could have used parcels as indicators in a latent variable model (e.g., Cappella & Weinstein, 2001;Chan, Schmitt, DeShon, Clause, & Delbridge, 1997;Gong, Shenkar, Luo, & Nyaw, 2001;Hill & Fischer, 2001;Kahn, 2001;Lee & Liu, 2001;Lopez, 2001;Macan, 1994;Miller & Byrnes, 2001;Pajares & Miller, 1995;Perrone & Worthington, 2001;Portello & Long, 2001;Rioux & Penner, 2001;Rose & Feldman, 1997;Stice & Barrera, 1995;Weisz, Southam-Gerow, & McCarty, 2001;Whittaker & Robitschek, 2001). In all of these studies, no reason was provided for using a measured variable model rather than a latent variable model.…”