Tutanchamun: Evidenzbasierte Paleopathologie vs. „Fluch des Pharao“

Hussein, Kais; Brix, Anke; Matin, Ekatrina; Jonigk, Danny

doi:10.1007/s00292-014-1940-0

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 32 publications

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“…B. Tutanchamun, der Westgotenkönig Alaric und Papst Innozenz VIII. [ 63 ]. Obwohl es sich bei diesen Punkten nicht um Fakten handelt und sie in der wissenschaftlichen Gemeinschaft sicherlich umstritten sind, besteht kein Zweifel daran, dass Malaria eines der wichtigsten Probleme ist, mit denen die globalen Gesundheitssysteme konfrontiert sind.…”

Section: Historischer Hintergrund Der Malaria-impfstoffeunclassified

Malaria-Antigene in der Ära der mRNA-Impfstoffe

Borkens

2022

Monatsschr Kinderheilkd

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ZusammenfassungBereits in den frühen 1990er-Jahren wurde erstmals eine durch einen mRNA-Impfstoff ausgelöste Immunantwort beschrieben. Seitdem wurden mRNA-Impfstoffe für eine mögliche Prophylaxe erforscht und diskutiert. Doch erst mit der COVID-19-Pandemie erlebten diese Impfstoffe einen wahren Boom. Die ersten mRNA-Impfstoffe wurden gegen SARS-CoV‑2 zugelassen und zeigten große Erfolge. Es ist daher nicht verwunderlich, dass sich die Hersteller auch auf andere Krankheiten und Pathogene konzentrieren. Neben viralen Krankheiten wie Influenza oder Aids steht Malaria weit oben auf dieser Liste. Viele Pharmaunternehmen (u. a. die deutschen Unternehmen BioNTech und CureVac) haben bereits bestätigt, an mRNA-Impfstoffen gegen Malaria zu forschen. Dabei ist die Entwicklung eines funktionierenden Impfstoffes gegen Malaria kein leichtes Unterfangen. Seit den 1960ern wird an möglichen Impfstoffen geforscht. Die Ergebnisse sind dabei eher ernüchternd. Erst 2015 erhielt der Impfstoff RTS,S/AS01 eine positive Bewertung der Europäischen Arzneimittel-Agentur. Seitdem wird der Impfstoff in Afrika getestet.

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Section: Historischer Hintergrund Der Malaria-impfstoffeunclassified

Malaria-Antigene in der Ära der mRNA-Impfstoffe

Borkens

2022

Monatsschr Kinderheilkd

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Malaria & mRNA Vaccines: A Possible Salvation from One of the Most Relevant Infectious Diseases of the Global South

Borkens

2023

Acta Parasit.

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Malaria is one of the most dangerous infectious diseases in the world. It occurs in tropical and subtropical regions and affects about 40% of the world´s population. In endemic regions, an estimated 200 million people contract malaria each year. Three-quarters of all global deaths (about 600 per year) are children under 5 years of age. Thus, malaria is one of the most relevant tropical and also childhood diseases in the world. Thanks to various public health measures such as vector control through mosquito nets or the targeted use of insecticides as well as the use of antimalarial prophylaxis drugs, the incidence has already been successfully reduced in recent years. However, to reduce the risk of malaria and to protect children effectively, further measures are necessary. An important part of these measures is an effective vaccination against malaria. However, the history of research shows that the development of an effective malaria vaccine is not an easy undertaking and is associated with some complications. Research into possible vaccines began as early as the 1960s. However, the results achieved were rather sobering and the various vaccines fell short of their expectations. It was not until 2015 that the vaccine RTS,S/AS01 received a positive evaluation from the European Medicines Agency. Since then, the vaccine has been tested in Africa. However, with the COVID-19 pandemic, there are new developments in vaccine research that could also benefit malaria research. These include, among others, the so-called mRNA vaccines. Already in the early 1990s, an immune response triggered by an mRNA vaccine was described for the first time. Since then, mRNA vaccines have been researched and discussed for possible prophylaxis. However, it was not until the COVID-19 pandemic that these vaccines experienced a veritable progress. mRNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 were rapidly developed and achieved high efficacy in studies. Based on this success, it is not surprising that companies are also focusing on other diseases and pathogens. Besides viral diseases, such as influenza or AIDS, malaria is high on this list. Many pharmaceutical companies (including the German companies BioNTech and CureVac) have already confirmed that they are researching mRNA vaccines against malaria. However, this is not an easy task. The aim of this article is to describe and discuss possible antigens that could be considered for mRNA vaccination. However, this topic is currently still very speculative.

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