2023
DOI: 10.1063/5.0128759
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Tutorial: Modeling of the extraction and acceleration of negative ions from plasma sources using particle-based methods

Abstract: In this Tutorial, we consider plasma sources with applications to fusion devices and high energy accelerators. These ion sources typically produce negative ions from hydrogen-isotope gases, which are extracted through one or multiple apertures and accelerated to high kinetic energies. Next, they are either double stripped of two electrons to form positive ions used as precursors in accelerator devices or neutralized to produce a neutral beam injected in tokamak reactors. Contrary to the working conditions of m… Show more

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