Tuyere Level Coke Characteristics in Blast Furnace with Pulverized Coal Iniection.

Chung, Jin-Kyung; Hur, N.S.

doi:10.2355/isijinternational.37.119

Cited by 43 publications

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“…Los HA-1 y HA-2 trabajan con caudales de ICP de 80 kg/ta; el HA-3 hasta 124 kg/ta, y el HA-4 con 150 kg/ta. Se destaca que, paralalelamente al incremento de los caudales de ICP, se ha logrado un aumento en la productividad de los hornos (100)(101)(102). Esta fábrica que produce 11,4 x 10 6 ta/año, funciona con altos contenidos de A1 2 0 3 en la escoria.…”

Section: Corea Del Surunclassified

Tecnología de fabricación de arrabio con inyección de combustibles y otros materiales por toberas en el horno alto. II parte. Inyección de carbón pulverizado (ICP)

García¹,

Cores

Formoso

et al. 1998

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Section: Corea Del Surunclassified

Tecnología de fabricación de arrabio con inyección de combustibles y otros materiales por toberas en el horno alto. II parte. Inyección de carbón pulverizado (ICP)

García¹,

Cores

Formoso

et al. 1998

REVMETAL

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“…12) Coconut shell, Cocos nucifera, consists of a hard and thick bony endocarp material, which presents serious disposal problems in the local environments. 13,14) Recycling this unused resource would add to its economic value, helping reduce the cost of waste disposal and most importantly, providing an inexpensive alternative to conventional coke. 15,16) ISIJ International, Vol.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…17) However, coke consumption needs to be reduced due to problems associated with green house gas emissions and this can be achieved by replacing it with alternative environmentally friendly sources of carbon. 13) Coke and agricultural waste materials are consumed by both thermal decomposition (devolatilization) and char oxidation. Agricultural waste materials are composed of cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin carbon structures, which different from the turbostatic structure found in coke.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Transformation of Agricultural Waste/Coke Blends and Their Implications during High Temperature Processes

et al. 2011

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With a sharp increase in demand and production, palm oil wastes, (i.e. empty fruit bunches, fibre and shells) are generated, out of which a large amount ends up in landfill. In such a context, alternative solutions are needed to reduce the impact of these agricultural wastes on the environment. The present paper investigates the effect of addition of agricultural waste materials on the combustion behavior of its blends with metallurgical coke (MC). Two types of agricultural waste materials, palm shell and coconut shell, were mixed in different proportion with MC, while the gas phase reactions were studied at 1 200°C in a drop tube furnace (DTF). In the tested conditions, the blends containing agricultural waste materials indicated higher combustion efficiencies compared to MC alone. Carbon structure analysis were performed through 13 CP/MAS NMR spectroscopy showing various groups of carbons present in the agricultural waste samples ranging from aliphatic to aromatic carbons. The morphology of the samples was studied through Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). SEM provided a qualitative description of the pore structure in the raw samples as well as the changes occurring following the gas phase reactions in the DTF. It was found that the particles derived from the wastes became increasingly deformed and lost their cell lumen. Surface area measurements were found to be in good agreement with the SEM images, supporting the higher combustion efficiency of the blends in comparison to coke alone. The present study suggests that agricultural waste materials have the potential to partially replace MC, as an auxiliary fuel in metallurgical processes.

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“…Willmers 5) compared sampled coke with the feed coke and studied the effect of coal injection on the length of the different zones in the sample. Chung and Hur 6) studied the effect of pulverized coal injection on the coke properties at the tuyere level. Gornostayev, Kerkkonen and Härkki 7) reported both structural and chemical changes in the mineral phases of the tuyere coke.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…General information about the structure of the lower part of the process has been gained from dissections of quenched furnaces, 1) but during the operation of the furnace the state has to be estimated on the basis of indirect measurements, such as wall temperatures 2) and interpretations of measured inputs (e.g., blast parameters 3) ) and outputs (e.g., hot metal temperature and composition 4) ). However, at the tuyeres there are possibilities to withdraw samples of the bed, and such core drillings [5][6][7] have yielded interesting information about the raceway and dead-man conditions in operating blast furnaces. Willmers 5) compared sampled coke with the feed coke and studied the effect of coal injection on the length of the different zones in the sample.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the State of the Blast Furnace High Temperature Region by Tuyere Core Drilling

2009

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Tuyere core drillings give a unique opportunity to probe the blast furnace and detect changes in both physical and chemical conditions of its high-temperature region. In this paper the findings from drill cores taken from a blast furnace are used to characterize the internal state of the furnace hearth, quantified by an erosion model estimating the available hearth volume. The complex relation is studied by entertaining neural network models using different combinations of inputs consisting of the extent of the distinct tuyerelevel zones (raceway, bird's nest, dead man, etc.) of the core samples. The resulting model can be used to gain knowledge of the relation between tuyere level conditions and hearth states, and to classify the findings from future core drillings. The results also throw light on possible reasons for thermal cycles observed in the hearth of the furnace studied.KEY WORDS: tuyere core drillings; blast furnace; hearth state; neural network pruning. 203© 2009 ISIJ ternative, tuyere core drillings have been used at many plants since the 1990's 5-7) : A steel pipe is drilled into the furnace through an opened tuyere at a stoppage, and the pipe with its core filled with the bed is withdrawn, quenched and opened for analysis. Typically, the length of the distinct regions, the particle size of the coke, the metallurgical and mineralogical state of the materials and the presence of iron and slag in the sample are analyzed.Tuyere drillings are performed regularly at Rautaruukki's two blast furnaces during shorter stoppages.9) The sample tubes are 5.5 m long and the withdrawn core has a diameter of 205 mm; typically, the core length is shorter than the maximum drill penetration, l max , into the bed due to compression of the core. The drill penetration, in turn, depends on the physical state of the dead man. After drilling, the core samples are analyzed physically and chemically. In the present work, the modeling effort is focused on the lengths of the different sections identified in the drill core (cf. Fig. 1). Based on the characteristics of the sampled coke and iron, the core is divided in to six regions (with the corresponding number given in parentheses): (1) bosh, (2) flame, (3) raceway, (4) bird's nest, (5) iron agglomerate, and (6) dead man, and their lengths l i (iϭ1...6) are recorded. The difference between the maximum penetration of the drill and the total core length, l c ϭ∑ 6 iϭ1 l i represents the total compression of the sample, Dlϭl max Ϫl c . These lengths from twenty two drill core samples from one of the Rautaruukki furnaces were used for modeling (cf. Table 1). Figure 2 shows a photograph of a core with the different regions indicated. Lining Temperatures and Heath VolumeThe internal state of the furnace hearth can be assessed on the basis of refractory temperatures measured by thermocouples in the hearth bottom and sidewall lining. These temperature measurements can be used to estimate the remaining thickness of the lining and also formation of buildup material (skull) on the hot fa...

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Tuyere Level Coke Characteristics in Blast Furnace with Pulverized Coal Iniection.

Cited by 43 publications

References 0 publications

Tecnología de fabricación de arrabio con inyección de combustibles y otros materiales por toberas en el horno alto. II parte. Inyección de carbón pulverizado (ICP)

Tecnología de fabricación de arrabio con inyección de combustibles y otros materiales por toberas en el horno alto. II parte. Inyección de carbón pulverizado (ICP)

Structural Transformation of Agricultural Waste/Coke Blends and Their Implications during High Temperature Processes

Assessment of the State of the Blast Furnace High Temperature Region by Tuyere Core Drilling

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