Twin Studies in Finland 2006

Kaprio, Jaakko

doi:10.1375/183242706779462778

Cited by 63 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The present study included 26 rare, healthy MZ pairs discordant for obesity (within-pair difference, ∆BMI ≥3 kg/m 2 , males n = 9, females n = 17, aged 29.9 ± 0.6 years), identified from two population-based twin cohorts, FinnTwin16 (n = 2839 pairs) and FinnTwin12 (n = 2578 pairs) (12).…”

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impaired Mitochondrial Biogenesis in Adipose Tissue in Acquired Obesity

et al. 2015

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Low mitochondrial number and activity have been suggested as underlying factors in obesity, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. However, the stage at which mitochondrial dysfunction manifests in adipose tissue after the onset of obesity remains unknown. Here we examined subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) samples from healthy monozygotic twin pairs, 22.8-36.2 years of age, who were discordant (ΔBMI >3 kg/m(2), mean length of discordance 6.3 ± 0.3 years, n = 26) and concordant (ΔBMI <3 kg/m(2), n = 14) for body weight, and assessed their detailed mitochondrial metabolic characteristics: mitochondrial-related transcriptomes with dysregulated pathways, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) amount, mtDNA-encoded transcripts, and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) protein levels. We report global expressional downregulation of mitochondrial oxidative pathways with concomitant downregulation of mtDNA amount, mtDNA-dependent translation system, and protein levels of the OXPHOS machinery in the obese compared with the lean co-twins. Pathway analysis indicated downshifting of fatty acid oxidation, ketone body production and breakdown, and the tricarboxylic acid cycle, which inversely correlated with adiposity, insulin resistance, and inflammatory cytokines. Our results suggest that mitochondrial biogenesis, oxidative metabolic pathways, and OXPHOS proteins in SAT are downregulated in acquired obesity, and are associated with metabolic disturbances already at the preclinical stage.

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Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impaired Mitochondrial Biogenesis in Adipose Tissue in Acquired Obesity

et al. 2015

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“…Subjects suffering from severe obesity (BMI [40 kg/m 2 ), established coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure, valvular heart disease, chronic alcohol consumption (more than three drinks per day), drug abuse or pregnancy were excluded. The Finnish twin participants were recruited from two population-based longitudinal studies, FinnTwin16 and FinnTwin12, each consisting of five consecutive birth cohorts , n = 5,601 subjects in FinnTwin16 and 1983-1987, n = 5,184 in FinnTwin12, respectively) [29]. All pairs were of Caucasian origin.…”

Section: Study Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of adiponectin and leptin with relative telomere length in seven independent cohorts including 11,448 participants

et al. 2014

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Oxidative stress and inflammation are major contributors to accelerated age-related relative telomere length (RTL) shortening. Both conditions are strongly linked to leptin and adiponectin, the most prominent adipocyte-derived protein hormones. As high leptin levels and low levels of adiponectin have been implicated in inflammation, one expects adiponectin to be positively associated with RTL while leptin should be negatively associated. Within the ENGAGE consortium, we investigated the association of RTL with adiponectin and leptin in seven independent cohorts with a total of 11,448 participants. We performed partial correlation analysis on Z-transformed RTL and LN-transformed leptin/adiponectin, adjusting for age and sex. In extended models we adjusted for body mass index (BMI) and C-reactive protein (CRP). Adiponectin showed a borderline significant association with RTL. This appeared to be determined by a single study and when the outlier study was removed, this association disappeared. The association between RTL and leptin was highly significant (r = -0.05; p = 1.81 × 10(-7)). Additional adjustment for BMI or CRP did not change the results. Sex-stratified analysis revealed no difference between men and women. Our study suggests that high leptin levels are associated with short RTL.

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“…Individuals without their co-twin are not genetically informative but they were included in the data, because they contribute to power in non-genetic statistical analyses. Participants were derived from the Brisbane Adolescent Twin Studies (Wright and Martin 2004), the Danish Twin Registry (Skytthe et al 2006;Benyamin et al 2007), and the Finnish Twin Cohort study (FinnTwin12 cohort; Kaprio et al 2002;Kaprio 2006). The zygosities of the twins were ascertained using DNA-based microsatellite markers (Australian and Danish twins) or by a validated questionnaire method supplemented by genotyping (Finnish twins).…”

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Effects Exceed Genetic Effects on Perceived Intensity and Pleasantness of Several Odors: A Three-Population Twin Study

et al. 2008

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Human genes encoding odorant receptors have been identified, but the contribution of genetic effects to total variation in specific odor perceptions is largely unknown. We estimated the relative contributions of genetic and environmental effects to variation in the perceived intensity and pleasantness of cinnamon, chocolate, turpentine, and isovaleric acid (sweaty) odors by quantitative genetic modeling of odor rating data from 856 twin individuals (including 83 complete monozygotic and 275 dizygotic twin pairs) aged 10-60 years (44% males and 56% females) from Australia, Denmark, and Finland. Results from fitting univariate models including components for additive genetic (A), shared environmental (C), and non-shared environmental (E) effects to the data implied that non-shared environmental effects account for the most variation in ratings of individual odors while genetic effects play only a minor role. Multivariate independent pathway model revealed a modest but significant common additive genetic component for intensity ratings, explaining 18% of the total variation. The results promote the importance of inter-individual variation in odor exposures and olfactory plasticity to odor perception.

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Twin Studies in Finland 2006

Cited by 63 publications

References 16 publications

Impaired Mitochondrial Biogenesis in Adipose Tissue in Acquired Obesity

Impaired Mitochondrial Biogenesis in Adipose Tissue in Acquired Obesity

Association of adiponectin and leptin with relative telomere length in seven independent cohorts including 11,448 participants

Environmental Effects Exceed Genetic Effects on Perceived Intensity and Pleasantness of Several Odors: A Three-Population Twin Study

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