“…ML models, such as ANN [ 155 ], and probabilistic modeling methods, such as the Gaussian process [ 156 , 157 , 159 ], could likewise be adopted to develop a surrogate model and implemented in a control context [ 157 , 158 , 160 ]. Alternatively, model order reduction techniques can transfer highly detailed and complex simulation models to other domain and life cycle phase, e.g., building efficient finite element model for dynamic structural analysis through reducing the degree of freedom, while maintaining required accuracies and predictability [ 161 , 162 , 163 ].…”