Twinning: Coronary Artery Disease in Monozygotic Twins

Smith, Megan; Baker, John R.; Gleaves, Evan; Singh, Aniruddha; Kazimuddin, Mohammed

doi:10.7759/cureus.16139

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…On the other hand, genetic predisposition can be modified by different factors such as physical activity (34). Various studies have shown the importance of genetic predisposition in developing CDs by carrying out comparative studies between monozygotic or dizygotic twins against unrelated individuals, showing a higher prevalence of type 2 diabetes (35) and CVDs between twins (36,37).…”

Section: Genetic Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic diseases: Origin and cell mechanisms involved

David Hernán Martínez-Puente,

Carlos Saúl Rodríguez-Roque,

Laura Mireya Flores-Zavala

et al. 2023

Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand)

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Chronic diseases are a worldwide health problem directly related to society, lifestyle, and the development of unhealthy habits over time. Cardiovascular disease, cancer, chronic respiratory disease, and diabetes are the main causes of death. Environmental factors, such as air pollutants, poor diet, genetic predisposition, or a combination of these, are related to the development of these diseases. These factors activate cell mechanisms, such as DNA damage, oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, autophagy, inflammation, and cell death. Depending on the dose and duration of exposure to causative agents, this cell damage can be acute or chronic. Activating these cell mechanisms can rescue normal cell function and cause permanent damage, unleashing the degeneration of tissues and organs over time. A wide variety of treatments help control chronic diseases; however, they cannot be cured completely. This fact leads to complications, dysfunctions, and disabilities. Herein, we discuss some of the principal mechanisms involved and how cellular stress can lead to these diseases when they persist for a long time.

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Section: Genetic Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic diseases: Origin and cell mechanisms involved

David Hernán Martínez-Puente,

Carlos Saúl Rodríguez-Roque,

Laura Mireya Flores-Zavala

et al. 2023

Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand)

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“…This is supported by various evidence from twin studies. [7][8][9][10][11] The complex genetic inheritance of AMI can be explained by one of the major twin studies in Sweden involving 2,341 first-episode cases of AMI which concluded the contribution of genetic variants to the disease, while additional genetic factors contribute to the disease phenotypes. 12 An underlying genetic predisposition is much more relevant to those who develop AMI at a young age.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

LPA Gene Copy Number Variation and APOE Gene Polymorphism in Young Acute Myocardial Infarction

Mohd Zamri,

Abdullah,

A. Talib

et al. 2024

imjm

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INTRODUCTION: An early onset of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and a strong family history suggest the possibility of its genetic predisposition. Lipoprotein(a) (LPA) and Apolipoprotein E (APOE) genes are known to be involved in lipid metabolism which may contribute to the development of atherosclerosis leading to AMI. This study aims to assess the association between LPA gene copy number variation (CNV) and APOE gene polymorphism in young AMI patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 40 DNAs were extracted from the buffy coat. APOE genotyping and detection of LPA gene CNV were performed using multiplex PCR technique and digital PCR. After tabulation of the results of the current study, meta-analyses were performed from selected studies among Asian populations using the Comprehensive Meta-analysis version 3 software program. RESULTS: No significant association was found between CNV of the LPA gene and the polymorphism of the APOE gene with Young AMI patients in the current study. However, our meta-analysis confirmed that the E4 allele increased the risk for CAD with the E3/E4 genotype [p=0.000, OR= 1.60 (95% CI: 1.41-1.83) significantly increased risk of CAD and individuals with E3/E3 genotype [p=0.000, OR=0.73 (95% CI: 0.66-0.81) were protective against CAD. The gain of LPA CNV was higher in YAMI [n=5 (25%)] than in control [n=2 (10%)] but they are not significant. CONCLUSION: There is no association between the LPA gene CNV and the presence of APOE polymorphism in young AMI, but our meta-analysis confirmed that the E4 allele increased the risk for CAD.

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Simultaneous ST-elevation myocardial infarction in monozygotic twins: a case report of entangled twins

Kassab

Gupta

2023

European Heart Journal - Case Reports

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Background The development of coronary artery disease (CAD) is strongly influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Monozygotic twins represent a unique population that provides insights into the interaction of genetic, environmental, and social factors and their effects on the development of CAD. Case summary Two 54-year-old identical twins presented to an outside hospital with acute chest pain. Twin B developed chest pain after witnessing Twin A in distress from an acute chest pain episode. ECG performed on each of them was diagnostic of ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Upon arrival at the angioplasty center, Twin A was taken for emergency coronary angiography yet his pain subsided on the way to the catheterization lab hence, Twin B was taken for angiography instead. Twin B angiography demonstrated complete occlusion of proximal left anterior descending coronary artery and was treated with percutaneous coronary intervention. Twin A coronary angiogram demonstrated 60% ostial first diagonal branch stenosis with a normal distal flow. He was diagnosed with possible coronary vasospasm. Conclusion This is the first report of a simultaneous presentation of monozygotic twins with ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome. While genetic and environmental contributions to the development of CAD have been described, this case highlights the strong social bond that exists between monozygotic twins. Once CAD is diagnosed in one twin, aggressive risk factor modification and screening should be implemented in the other.

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Twinning: Coronary Artery Disease in Monozygotic Twins

Cited by 3 publications

References 18 publications

Chronic diseases: Origin and cell mechanisms involved

Chronic diseases: Origin and cell mechanisms involved

LPA Gene Copy Number Variation and APOE Gene Polymorphism in Young Acute Myocardial Infarction

Simultaneous ST-elevation myocardial infarction in monozygotic twins: a case report of entangled twins

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