Two and three-dimensional quantification of lead contamination in alluvial soils of a historic mining area using field portable X-ray fluorescence (FPXRF) analysis

Hürkamp, Kerstin; Raab, Thomas; Völkel, Jörg

doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2008.12.021

Cited by 60 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(45 reference statements)

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“…The other stud ies con ducted in the post-min ing or heavily pol luted ar eas also con firmed ex cel lent cor re la tion (r 2 = 0.99) be tween Pb con cen tra tions de rived from par al lel soil sam ple anal y ses by the FPXRF and ICP-OES meth ods (r 2 = 0.97) (Kilbride et al, 2006) or by the FPXRF and AAS methods (Radu and Di a mond, 2009). In case of ho mo ge neous ma terial, Pb screen ing may be per formed in the field, for ex am ple Hürkamp et al (2009) de ter mined the con cen tra tions of Pb in floodplain al lu vial de pos its of the his toric min ing area at the Vils River near Freihung (East ern Ba varia, Ger many). These au thors ob tained a high co ef fi cient of de ter mi na tion (0.94) be tween in situ and lab o ra tory mea sure ments.…”

Section: Discussion Anomalous Element Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The FPXRF anal y sis has found ap pli ca tions in many ar eas, in clud ing de ter mi na tions of trace el e ments in var i ous en vi ronmen tal com part ments, in clud ing soils (Drake et al, 2003;Melquiades and Appoloni, 2004;Mäkinen et al, 2005;Kilbride et al, 2006;Carr et al, 2008;Hürkamp et al, 2009;Radu and Di a mond, 2009;Higueras et al, 2012;Stamm and Hoogestraat, 2012;Bosco, 2013). Many the o ret i cal and prac tical as pects of this an a lyt i cal method can be found in the su perb com pen dium by Potts and West (2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The use of FPXRF in the determinations of selected trace elements in historic mining soils in the Holy Cross Mts., south-central Poland

Migaszewski

Gałuszka

Dołęgowska

2015

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Migaszewski, Z.M., Ga³uszka, A., Do³êgowska, S., 2015. The use of FPXRF in the de ter mi na tions of se lected trace el e ments in his toric min ing soils in the Holy Cross Mts., south-cen tral Po land. Geo log i cal Quar terly, 59 (2): 248-256, doi: 10.7306/gq.1216 In this study, con cen tra tions of As, Cu, Mn, Pb, and Zn were de ter mined in 231 sam ples of mine soils and spoils by field porta ble X-ray flu o res cence (FPXRF), and by in duc tively cou pled plasma-mass spec trom e try (ICP-MS) as a com par i son method. The use of both spec tro met ric meth ods al lows for com par i son of the to tal and aqua regia-extractable con tents of ele ments. The study ar eas en com passed three his toric metal-ore min ing sites and one aban doned mine tail ings site in the Holy Cross Moun tains, in south-cen tral Po land. Sam ple col lec tion in these ar eas, which are char ac ter ized by var i ous bedrock min er al ogy and li thol ogy and dif fer ent anthropogenic im pacts, en abled us to test the FPXRF per for mance for a wide range of el e ment con cen tra tions. The re sults of FPXRF and ICP-MS de ter mi na tions were found to be sig nif i cantly cor re lated with the high est r 2 (co ef fi cient of de ter mi na tion) value of 0.987-0.991 for Pb, ir re spec tive of the soil min er al ogy, bed rock lithol ogy or con cen tra tion lev els of this el e ment. Over all, the FPXRF showed ex cel lent per for mance in de ter min ing se lected trace el e ments in con tam i nated soils.

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Section: Discussion Anomalous Element Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of FPXRF in the determinations of selected trace elements in historic mining soils in the Holy Cross Mts., south-central Poland

Migaszewski

Gałuszka

Dołęgowska

2015

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“…The magnetic susceptibility spatial distribution was generally the same, but the correlation between it and the elements was not convincing (Figures S19 and S20 in ESM). Bold values mark those cases, where we found decrease from contaminated to confluence area; high, middle, and lower probes indicate probes of confluence area; MAD − median absolute deviation (we used this parameter following recommendations by Reimann et al 2008) doi: 10.17221/118/2015-SWR Hürkamp et al (2009b) found that the decrease in the contaminants needs not be correlated with the distance from the stream; Brewer and Taylor (1997) found that palaeochannels could be more contaminated than floodplains. We found similar patterns to the findings of Hudson-Edwards et al (1996): the decrease in the contamination was probably caused by the dilution of the contaminated water, transported material and sediment after the confluence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some studies focus on contamination distribution in both horizontal and vertical dimension, but they are few (e.g. Park & Vlek 2002;Dennis et al 2009;Hürkamp et al 2009b). The region of Kutná Hora was a significant centre of mining and smelting (especially from the 13 th to the 16 th century -see Kořan 1950;Bartoš 2004) and therefore it is strongly contaminated, mainly by As, Cu, Pb, and Zn.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only fraction under 2 mm was then analyzed. All measurements were performed by a portable ED-XRF spectrometer (Innov X Delta; Innov-X Systems Inc., Woburn, USA) to obtain near-total concentrations (for application of XRF spectrometry see Piorek 1997;Clark et al 1999;Kalnicky & Singhvi 2001;Hürkamp et al 2009b). The quality of the device measurements was successfully tested by BAS Rudice Ltd. (www.bas.cz) on 55 reference materials (e.g.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Contamination characteristics of the confluence of polluted and unpolluted rivers - range and spatial distribution of contaminants of a significant mining centre (Kutná Hora, Czech Republic)

Horák¹,

Hejcman²

2016

Soil & Water Res.

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Horák J., Hejcman M. (2016): Contamination characteristics of the confluence of polluted and unpolluted riversrange and spatial distribution of contaminants of a significant mining centre (Kutná Hora, Czech Republic). Soil & Water Res., 11: 235−243.The study brings new insights into the topic of the contamination characteristics of the mining region of Kutná Hora (Central Bohemia). The previous meta-analysis of the contamination studies showed that there could be a surprisingly low spatial range of contaminated river sediment downstream of Kutná Hora. The study should answer the question as to whether it is justifiable to interpret the presence of contaminants as a result of Kutná Hora mining. There was found a rapid increase in concentrations between the background area and contaminated Kutná Hora. Increase of medians (in mg/kg) of As: 33 and 148, Cu: 34 and 57, Pb: 35 and 82, Zn: 85 and 232; means increased ca 10 times. Then a decrease between the contaminated area and the confluence area was observed. But this decrease was influenced by the presence of extreme values in the contaminated area and therefore it was observed only in means. Medians of the elements concentrations did not decrease. The concentrations of the elements decreased after the confluence to lower values, but they stayed at the contaminated area levels. The background levels were observed only in the probes related to Labe alluvium. But also in these probes, the contamination was traced by multivariate analyses -by clear separation of As, Cu, Pb, Zn from other elements. The contamination was manifested in probes after the confluence mainly in the topsoil levels of alluvium, ca. in 10 to 40 cm. The original starting point of this study, that the contamination is not firmly manifested in the areas after the confluence, based on meta-analysis of regional studies, is not valid.Keywords: 3D analysis; magnetic susceptibility; pollutant distribution; river sediments; spatial analysis; trace elements Many studies concern rivers and their alluvia as an important environment for both transport and the storage of metal contaminants (e.g. Macklin & Klimek 1992;Brewer & Taylor 1997;Miller 1997;Bird et al. 2005;Raab et al. 2005;Ettler et al. 2006;Knox 2006;Hilscherová et al. 2007;Taylor & Owens 2009;Martin 2015). The storage can be long term (Tylecote 1987;Grattan et al. 2007). Floodplain storage can be changed into a contamination source, e.g. by its erosion (Gäbler & Schneider 2000;Coulthard & Macklin 2003; Craddock & Lang 2003;Förstner et al. 2004;Hürkamp et al. 2009a). Some studies focus on contamination distribution in both horizontal and vertical dimension, but they are few (e.g. Park & Vlek 2002;Dennis et al. 2009;Hürkamp et al. 2009b). The region of Kutná Hora was a significant centre of mining and smelting (especially from the 13 th to the 16 th century -see Kořan 1950;Bartoš 2004) and therefore it is strongly contaminated, mainly by As, Cu, Pb, and Zn. These contaminants can be divided into subgroups of As, of Cd, and of Cu, Pb and Zn ...

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Geochemical and Documentary Topography of a Medieval Silver Valley: Detection of Workshops and Identification of Their Function

Tomczyk,

Bernat,

Belmon

et al. 2024

Archaeological Prospection

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This paper presents the interdisciplinary investigation (archaeology, geochemistry, history) of a medieval silver and lead production site located in southern France, in the Minier valley (Occitanie, Aveyron, Le‐Viala‐du‐Tarn). In order to identify the production sites, in situ geochemical surveys were carried out using a portable X‐ray fluorescence spectrometer and differential GPS, guided on the analysis of medieval archival sources. The cartographic representation of the metal concentrations in the surface horizons shows significant enrichment of zinc and lead in the vicinity of the mines. This first type of enrichment makes it possible to highlight the activities of separation of sphalerite and silver‐bearing galena. The galena thus isolated on the hillsides is then transported to the vicinity of watercourses, where it is crushed, washed, and smelted. These secondary activities result in a last type of enrichment in which only lead is found in large quantities. The cross‐referencing of the information made it possible to overcome the challenges related to the location of the mineral processing workshops, which were often invisible on the surface. The medieval workshops have been located and a function suggested, outlining the first trends in the spatial and social division of labour and providing a solid corpus for future archaeological excavations. Finally, this study highlights the persistence of significant metal contamination in the soils of a rural valley and encourages the consideration of former mining areas when examining the environmental impact of metal production.

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Two and three-dimensional quantification of lead contamination in alluvial soils of a historic mining area using field portable X-ray fluorescence (FPXRF) analysis

Cited by 60 publications

References 46 publications

The use of FPXRF in the determinations of selected trace elements in historic mining soils in the Holy Cross Mts., south-central Poland

The use of FPXRF in the determinations of selected trace elements in historic mining soils in the Holy Cross Mts., south-central Poland

Contamination characteristics of the confluence of polluted and unpolluted rivers - range and spatial distribution of contaminants of a significant mining centre (Kutná Hora, Czech Republic)

Geochemical and Documentary Topography of a Medieval Silver Valley: Detection of Workshops and Identification of Their Function

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