Two-Body Wear and Surface Roughness of CAD/CAM Esthetic Monolithic Block Materials using Chewing Simulation against Enamel Antagonists

Abstract

Background: Wear and surface roughness are major interacting properties that affect the function and appearance of esthetic CAD/CAM monolithic restorative materials and opposing natural dentition.Aim: Our research aimed to evaluate the wear and surface roughness of different esthetic monolithic CAD/CAM blocks and natural teeth antagonists before and after the chewing simulation procedure. Three types of esthetic CAD /CAM block materials were included in this study, nanoceramic resin (Lava Ultimate), polymer infiltrated ceramic (VITA Enamic), and lithium silicate glass ceramic enriched with zirconia (VITA Suprinity).Methodology: Twelve test samples were cut off as 2 mm thickness from size '14' blocks of each material, with a saw microtome. The polishing procedure was done according to the steps determined by the manufacturers. Enamel cusps from extracted human premolar teeth were used as antagonists. A chewing simulator was used to perform the 2-body wear test. Wear was quantified by weight loss and roughness measurement.Results: Lava Ultimate exhibited the highest wear and surface roughness while its antagonist showed the least wear and roughness. There was no difference between wear weight loss in Enamic and Suprinity. Enamic had higher roughness than Suprinity. Natural tooth antagonists of Suprinity had the highest wear and surface roughness compared to that of Lava Ultimate and Enamic. Conclusion:Lava Ultimate is the least material that produced wear and roughness in the natural antagonist thus considered the friendliest material to natural teeth. However, Enamic can be recommended as CAD/CAM restorative material regarding the wear of the restoration and its enamel antagonist.