Two cases of accessory biliary vesicles in cats—one apparent quadruplex condition

Jacobs, David R

doi:10.1002/ar.1091140407

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…There are differences described in the size, shape, and position of the gallbladder in cats [ 130 ]. An anatomical variation that is rarely described in cats is the duplication of the gallbladder [ 131 , 132 , 133 ]. The biliary system begins at the cystic duct, which is about 3 cm long and tortuous in cats, and extends from the neck of the gallbladder to the common bile duct.…”

Section: Digestive Glandsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surgical Anatomy of the Gastrointestinal Tract in Cats

Angelou,

Fiska,

Tsingotjidou

et al. 2023

Animals

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In cats, the gastrointestinal tract is one of the regions in which surgical procedures are most frequently performed by veterinary surgeons; therefore, knowledge of the surgical anatomy of the feline gastrointestinal tract is of high importance. The main surgical procedures performed include gastrotomy, gastrectomy, enterotomy, and enterectomy, as well as procedures in the liver and pancreas. There are also anatomical differences between dogs and cats, increasing the need for deep knowledge of the anatomy treated in the different surgical approaches. The aim of the present review is to describe in detail the anatomy of the gastrointestinal tract in cats highlighting the anatomical regions of significant importance in different surgical procedures.

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Section: Digestive Glandsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surgical Anatomy of the Gastrointestinal Tract in Cats

Angelou,

Fiska,

Tsingotjidou

et al. 2023

Animals

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“…8 There are few published reports in the veterinary medical literature documenting GB morphologic anomalies in the cat, which have been identified via imaging, surgery or necropsy. 9,11,[14][15][16][17][18][19] Anecdotally, feline GB anomalies are commonly encountered in the clinical setting on routine abdominal ultrasound, with the impression of a higher incidence than previously reported; this observation led to a prospective investigation of the ultrasonographic appearance, degree of variability and incidence of abnormal GB morphology in our feline population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasonographic prevalence and proposed morphologic classification of bilobed gallbladder in cats

Spain¹,

Penninck

Thelen

2021

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery

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Objectives Morphologic anomalies of the feline gallbladder (GB) have been previously reported in the literature. These morphologic variants are frequently encountered on routine abdominal ultrasound examination. The aim of this study was to provide an ultrasonographic classification system of these variants and document the overall incidence in the feline population. Methods A prospective, descriptive study was undertaken; cats that had an abdominal ultrasound examination that included at least one sagittal and transverse plane image of the GB were included. GB shape was evaluated and categorized based on a classification scheme of morphologic variants modified from the human literature. Septated (S), bilobed (B1, B2, B3), duplex (D) and complex (C) categories were described. Results Of 516 cats included in the study, 389 had normal GB morphology, while 127 had anomalous GB morphology. The overall incidence rate of anomalous GB morphology was 24.61%. When examined by morphologic type, the septated (S) morphology had an incidence of 9.69%. A bilobed (B) morphology was the most commonly observed classification; incidence was 14.35% within our population; incidence of B1, B2 and B3 subtypes were 2.91%, 6.98% and 4.46%, respectively. Duplex GBs only made up 0.39% of the total population. The incidence of complex (C) morphologies was 0.19%. Conclusions and relevance The incidence of GB morphologic anomalies was higher in our population than previously reported. Identification of these anomalies on routine ultrasound evaluation is common; numerous different morphologies can be identified and a standardized classification scheme is proposed. Complete evaluation of morphology can be challenging, particularly with regard to cystic duct anatomy. Clinical significance is uncertain and future studies are warranted to determine the relationship between morphologic variants and hepatobiliary disease.

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Two cases of accessory biliary vesicles in cats—one apparent quadruplex condition

Cited by 2 publications

References 2 publications

Surgical Anatomy of the Gastrointestinal Tract in Cats

Surgical Anatomy of the Gastrointestinal Tract in Cats

Ultrasonographic prevalence and proposed morphologic classification of bilobed gallbladder in cats

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