“…Since 1961 three further cases, all meningitis, have been reported in medical journals (McKinnon and Swithinbank, 1961 ;Harding and Brunton, 1962), bringing the total to 14. In addition the weekly report of the Public Health Laboratory Service has recorded an increasing number of cases of listeriosis since 1961, and in the first six months * Professor Barber, (Edmunds et al, 1957;Barrow and Pugh, 1958 ;Moore and Whitmore, 1960 ;Harding and Brunton, 1962), in only one was there any suggestive evidence that infection was from the mother (Barrow and Pugh, (1958), and this was unproved. The case reported here represents, therefore, the first bacteriologically confirmed infection in both mother and infant recorded in Britain, although even in this case the patient was not British.…”