Two-color, two-photon uncaging of glutamate and GABA

Kantevari, Srinivas; Matsuzaki, Masunori; Kanemoto, Yoshitsugu; Kasai, Hideaki; Ellis‐Davies, Graham C. R.

doi:10.1038/nmeth.1413

Cited by 130 publications

(147 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The three-dimensional resolution opportunities provided by TPE have extensively been exploited in neuroscience both in tissue samples and in vivo [43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50]. The NIR TPE induced uncaging of neurotransmitters such as glutamate (figure 4) and has allowed the functional mapping of the respective receptors in neurons with high-resolution (μm), sub-cellular precision Figure 4.…”

Section: Some Therapeutic Applications Of Two-photon Excitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For (a) the photoactive chromophore is a 4-carboxymethoxy-5,7-dinitroindolinyl derivative, while for (b) it is a 7-aminocoumarin derivative. These are active towards release of the respective neurotransmitter upon two-photon excitation at 720 and 830 nm, respectively [47]. (Online version in colour.)…”

Section: Some Therapeutic Applications Of Two-photon Excitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multi-photon excitation in uncaging the small molecule bioregulator nitric oxide

Garcia

Zhang

Ford

2013

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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Multi-photon excitation allows one to use tissue transmitting near-infrared (NIR) light to access excited states with energies corresponding to single-photon excitation in the visible or ultraviolet wavelength ranges. Here, we present an overview of the application of both simultaneous and sequential multi-photon excitation in studies directed towards the photochemical delivery (‘uncaging’) of bioactive small molecules such as nitric oxide (NO) to physiological targets. Particular focus will be directed towards the use of dyes with high two-photon absorption cross sections and lanthanide ion-doped upconverting nanoparticles as sensitizers to facilitate the uncaging of NO using NIR excitation.

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Section: Some Therapeutic Applications Of Two-photon Excitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Some Therapeutic Applications Of Two-photon Excitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-photon excitation in uncaging the small molecule bioregulator nitric oxide

Garcia

Zhang

Ford

2013

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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“…The patch pipette can be seen exiting the image frame to the left. b) Representative series of currents evoked by uncaging G5-DEAC450-GABA at 900 nm using increasing power (26,31,42, and 53 mW, for cosmetic reasons stray electric noise has been filtered from these traces). c) Summary of power trains for G5-DEAC450 at 900 nm (n = 5, black), CDNI (n = 5, violet) and PEG-DEAC450 (n = 1, blue).…”

Section: Supplementary Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since our antagonism data suggests the cloaked caged GABA is essentially inert up to about 0.6 mM ( Figure 2) we bath applied the probe to brain slices at this concentration. We did this because we knew CDNI-Glu is best used at about 1 mM [21,[23][24][25][26] , and has an IC 50 = 0.24 mM for GABA-A receptor blockade [18] . Thus, we patch-clamped a CA1 neuron and monitored voltage changes produced by two-color, 2P uncaging.…”

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confidence: 99%

Cloaked Caged Compounds: Chemical Probes for Two‐Photon Optoneurobiology

et al. 2016

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Caged neurotransmitters, in combination with focused light beams, enable precise interrogation of neuronal function, even at the level of single synapses. However, most caged transmitters are, surprisingly, severe antagonists of ionotropic gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors. By conjugation of a large, neutral dendrimer to a caged GABA probe we introduce a "cloaking" technology that effectively reduces such antagonism to very low levels. Such cloaked caged compounds will enable the study of the signaling of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA in its natural state using two-photon uncaging microscopy for the first time. Graphical abstractCaged neurotransmitters are known to be quite antagonistic toward the GABA-A receptor. The conjugation of a polyester dendrimer "cloak" to the caged compound DEAC450-GABA significantly decreased its GABA-A receptor antagonism. The chemical probe was inert at concentrations required for effective two-photon photolysis on living cells. Keywords caged compounds; GABA-A receptors; optical methods; two-photon; biologically inert Correspondence to: Graham C. R. Ellis-Davies. b These authors contributed equally to this work.Supporting information for this article is given via a link at the end of the document. HHS Public Access Author Manuscript Author ManuscriptAuthor Manuscript Author ManuscriptPhotochemical probes have revolutionized modern physiological studies. In an era initiated by Galvani, electrodes were the best technology available for real-time stimulation and measurement. However, the photon is more precise and versatile than the electron, so the former is not merely starting to "replace" the latter, but light, in combination with chemistry, is being used to open completely new avenues of physiological discovery [1] . To deliver their potential, the new chemical technologies require novel light sources and so pulsed lasers have been vital for time-resolved chemical biology [2] . Enabled by ultra-fast, pseudocontinuous Ti:sapphire lasers, neurobiology now routinely uses two-photon (2P) microscopy for live cell imaging in complex tissue such as acutely isolated brain slices and living animals. But, as noted by Denk, et al. in their seminal 1990 paper [3] , 2P excitation "also provides unprecedented capabilities for three-dimensional, spatially resolved photochemistry, particularly photolytic release of caged effector molecules." While initial reports of two-photon uncaging used probes [4,5] originally designed for linear actuation, more recently caged compounds designed for 2P excitation have been introduced for Glu, GABA, IP 3 , calcium, etc [6] . Some of these have even proved useful for independent 2P physiological studies [2] . It is striking that caged Glu probes, in particular, have proved very useful but caged GABA probes much less so. One reason for this must the inherent antagonism of all caged GABA compounds towards GABA-A receptors at concentrations required for effective 2P photolysis in brain tissue [7] . We have developed a new technology, which ...

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“…Multimodale Photoregulation Die Aktivität von zwei oder mehr molekularen Spezies kann basierend auf der wellenlängenselektiven Antwort mehrerer verschiedener Chromophore unabhängig photoreguliert werden. [76] Die selektive Aktivierung kçnnte mit Reagentien erreicht werden, die sich in ihren photolytischen Quantenausbeuten, ihren Wirkungsquerschnitten der ZweiPhotonen-Photolyse oder basierend auf ihrer Wellenlängen-sensitivität charakteristisch unterscheiden. Im Ein-PhotonenExperiment wurde eine multimodale Photolyse durch Kontrolle der Wellenlänge im UV/Vis-Bereich erreicht, [76b, 77] allerdings ist die Realisierung einer selektiven Zwei-PhotonenAnregung schwieriger, weil TP-Absorptionsspektren oft breiter sind und überlappen.…”

Section: Synchrone Aktivierung Multipler Stellen: Strukturierte Aktivunclassified

Von Ein‐ zu Zwei‐Photonen‐Sonden: photoaktivierbare Reagentien, Aktuatoren und Photoschalter

et al. 2013

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Molekulare Systeme, die mit Licht “ferngesteuert” werden können, sind von wachsender Bedeutung in der Zellbiologie, der Physiologie und den Neurowissenschaften. Der entscheidende Aspekt hierbei ist die hohe räumliche und zeitliche Präzision, die mit Methoden der Lasermikroskopie erreicht werden kann. Das Verfahren der Zwei‐Photonen‐Anregung hat signifikante Vorzüge bei der Visualisierung biologischer Gewebe, allerdings ist der gezielte Entwurf intelligenter Sonden, die mit der Zellphysiologie kompatibel sind, nicht trivial. Dieser Aufsatz diskutiert die “chemischen” Herausforderungen bei der Entwicklung von Zwei‐Photonen‐Sonden.

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Two-color, two-photon uncaging of glutamate and GABA

Cited by 130 publications

References 22 publications

Multi-photon excitation in uncaging the small molecule bioregulator nitric oxide

Multi-photon excitation in uncaging the small molecule bioregulator nitric oxide

Cloaked Caged Compounds: Chemical Probes for Two‐Photon Optoneurobiology

Von Ein‐ zu Zwei‐Photonen‐Sonden: photoaktivierbare Reagentien, Aktuatoren und Photoschalter

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