Two-dimensional mapping of Asia Pacific destinations combining tourism and economic indicators

Abstract

The present study aims to cluster five Asia Pacific destinations (Cambodia, Hong Kong, Indonesia, the Philippines, and Singapore) with respect to other countries according to the evolution of the main tourism and economic indicators over the period between 2000 and 2014. By assigning a numerical value to each country corresponding to its position, we summarize all the information into two components ("tourism expenditure and profitability of tourism activity" and "tourism development and economic growth") using different multivariate techniques for dimensionality reduction. By means of perceptual maps, we find that the five Asia Pacific destinations can be clustered into three different groups: Hong Kong and Singapore, which are the most mature markets; Indonesia and the Philippines, with moderate growth rates in most variables; and Cambodia, with top positions in all variables, showing a huge potential in terms of growth and tourism development and the challenges derived therefrom.

What Really Matters is the Economic Performance: Positioning Tourist Destinations by Means of Perceptual Maps

“…This evidence adds to previous studies by Assaf & Tsionas (2015), Claveria (2016Claveria ( , 2017, Huang & Peng (2012), and Yau & Chan (1990). Yau & Chan (1990) …”

Time Series Features and Machine Learning Forecasts

“…Due to the observed cross-regional differences, we finally project the Spanish regions according to the characteristics of tourist arrivals time series and to the forecast accuracy obtained in each region for each forecast horizon. To that end, we combine the results of both the descriptive analysis and the forecasting experiment, and summarize all the information in two components using the multivariate positioning approach proposed by Claveria (2016;2017). First, we rank each region according to its time series features and the obtained MAPE values in increasing order.…”

“…The number of centroids and the spread of each centroid are determined by cross-validation in TRN D . See Claveria, Monte, and Torra (2015;2017) for a detailed description of the NN models applied in this study.…”

Potential Halal Tourism Destinations with Applying K-Means Clustering

“…The level of halal tourism potential includes low, medium and high. The prior study [6] has noted the importance of mapping five tourist destination countries, i.e Cambodia, Hong Kong, Indonesia, the Philippines, and Singapore in the Asia Pacific are grouped by considering tourism and economic indicators for 5 years.…”

“…Prior research has been conducted before, for instance, [6] investigated to map tourism destinations, in particular five countries in the Asia Pacific, namely Hong Kong, Singapore, Indonesia, Philippines and Cambodia based on the development of tourism destinations and economic growth. The study stated that the five countries were included in different groups.…”