Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials for the Removal of Pharmaceuticals from Wastewater: A Critical Review

González-Poggini, Sergio; Rosenkranz, Andreas; Colet-Lagrille, Melanie

doi:10.3390/pr9122160

Cited by 30 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 119 publications

(158 reference statements)

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Section: Mxenes As Antimicrobial Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the pro cess of ROS generation, the oxidation of water sequentially produces hydroxyl radicals, hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion radicals, and singlet oxygen whereas incomplete reduc tion of oxygen can sequentially produce superoxide anion radi cals, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl radicals. [153,154] ROS generation and oxidative stress production have been proven for most of the wellknown 2D nanomaterials. [155,156] Due to the rich electronic properties of MXenes, [101,157] oxidative stress and generation of ROS have been considered as other pathways for killing bacteria in MXenes.…”

Section: Mxenes As Ros Generatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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MXenes Antibacterial Properties and Applications: A Review and Perspective

Seidi

Shamsabadi

Firouzjaei

et al. 2023

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115

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The mutations of bacteria due to the excessive use of antibiotics, and generation of antibiotic‐resistant bacteria have made the development of new antibacterial compounds a necessity. MXenes have emerged as biocompatible transition metal carbide structures with extensive biomedical applications. This is related to the MXenes’ unique combination of properties, including multifarious elemental compositions, 2D‐layered structure, large surface area, abundant surface terminations, and excellent photothermal and photoelectronic properties. The focus of this review is the antibacterial application of MXenes, which has attracted the attention of researchers since 2016. A quick overview of the synthesis strategies of MXenes is provided and then summarizes the effect of various factors (including structural properties, optical properties, surface charges, flake size, and dispersibility) on the biocidal activity of MXenes. The main mechanisms for deactivating bacteria by MXenes are discussed in detail including rupturing of the bacterial membrane by sharp edges of MXenes nanoflakes, generating the reactive oxygen species (ROS), and photothermal deactivating of bacteria. Hybridization of MXenes with other organic and inorganic materials can result in materials with improved biocidal activities for different applications such as wound dressings and water purification. Finally, the challenges and perspectives of MXene nanomaterials as biocidal agents are presented.

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Section: Mxenes As Antimicrobial Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mxenes As Ros Generatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

MXenes Antibacterial Properties and Applications: A Review and Perspective

Seidi

Shamsabadi

Firouzjaei

et al. 2023

Small

115

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“…•− , H 2 O 2 , and • OH. 65 ROS production and the resultant oxidative stress were demonstrated in most recognized 2D nanomaterials. 66 Given MXenes' abundant electronic properties, 67 ROS generation and oxidative stress were proposed as additional mechanisms for bacterial eradication by MXenes.…”

Section: Antimicrobial Potentials Of Mxenes Derived From Their Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering MXene@MOF Composites for a Wide Range of Applications: A Perspective

Safarkhani,

Aldhaher,

Lima

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Eng. Mater.

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This perspective presents an exploration of MXenes and metal−organic frameworks (MOFs) in diverse applications such as biomedical, electronics, and sensing based on their structural properties. The inherent design and synthesis flexibility, sharp edges, reactive oxygen species generation, and photothermal properties of MXenes might be exploited for further enhancement of these magic compounds' applicability. On the other hand, MOFs demonstrate potential in various fields like storage, delivery, and catalysis owing to their large surface/volume ratio and porosity. Despite certain limitations, including poor electrical conductivity of MXenes, recent studies suggest that MXene@MOF composites can address the major challenge, leading to the development of highly sensitive and selective sensors for a range of chemical and biological species. The perspective underscores that the amalgamation of MXenes and MOFs can yield a synergetic effect, thereby boosting the inherent properties of these materials in antimicrobial and sensing applications. Moreover, with the rapid progression of nanotechnology, MXene@MOF composites are expected to witness increasing usage in various sectors, such as energy and electronics. Nonetheless, further studies are required to fully understand the potential human health and environmental impacts of these materials, and several obstacles, including scalability of manufacturing processes, stability, and repeatability of properties, must be addressed. MXene@MOFs present a compelling area of research with immense potential for transformative applications across numerous sectors.

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“…MXene is a well-known 2D material. 23 MXene contains transition metal nitrides, carbides, and carbonitrides and is a novel 2D material family that has drawn considerable attention these days. M n +1 X n is the general formula for MXene, where n = 1, 2, 3, and M correspond to transition metals like Nb, V, Ti, Sc, Mo, Zr, Ta, and Hf while X is N or C. 24 MXenes are mostly prepared using selectively etching Al from the MAX phase, where the A layers represent Ga, Al, or Si.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%