Two‐Dimensional NiO@C‐N Nanosheets Composite as a Superior Low‐Temperature Anode Material for Advanced Lithium‐/Sodium‐Ion Batteries

Abstract

Most of the anodes used in lithium‐/sodium‐ion batteries (LIBs/SIBs) have poor low‐temperature (LT) performances, which severely limit their applications under LT environment. Herein, two‐dimensional nickel oxide nanosheet encapsulated in N‐doped carbon coated layer (abbreviated as NiO@C−N NSs) is successfully prepared and investigated for the first time as a LT anode for LIBs/SIBs. As a result, the prepared NiO@C−N NSs electrode delivers a high room temperature (RT) Li‐storage capacity (1036 mA h g−1 at 0.05 A g−1) and excellent LT Li‐storage performance (428 mA h g−1 at 0.05 A g−1 at −40 °C). Furthermore, the prepared NiO@C−N NSs also exhibits a superior RT Na‐storage capacity of 529 mA h g−1 at 0.05 A g−1 and superior LT Na‐storage performance. Through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analysis, we find that the LT Li‐/Na‐storage performances of NiO@C−N NSs electrodes are mainly dominated by the RSEI of SEI membrane formation at the electrode/electrolyte interface. Moreover, the LT Li‐/Na‐storage properties of NiO@C−N NSs can be effectively improved by using commercial LT electrolyte with low viscosity and low melting point.

Low‐Temperature High‐Areal‐Capacity Rechargeable Potassium‐Metal Batteries

“…These areal capacities outperform the most previous works about alkali‐metal batteries at the same temperatures (Figure 1e). [ 22,33–46 ] Furthermore, a K‐Te pouch cell (4 cm × 6 cm) with a mass loading of 3 mg cm −2 was successfully fabricated (Figure 1f), and it delivered a high capacity of 14.2 mAh and retained 88% of the initial capacity after 30 cycles at −40 °C (Figure 1g,h), demonstrating its great potential for practical low‐temperature applications.…”

The prospect and challenges of sodium‐ion batteries for low‐temperature conditions

“…The composite of 2D nickel oxide nanosheets coated with nitrogen-doped carbon (NiO@NC) was synthesized, delivering a reversible specific capacity of 178 mAh g −1 at 0.05 A g −1 under −15°C. [65] In addition, a low-cost and environmentally friendly all-iron-based SIB was designed with excellent performance at low temperature, with Fe 3 O 4 nanospheres as anode and Na 4 Fe 3 (PO 4 ) 2 (P 2 O 7 )/C as a cathode. [66] Compared with TMOs, transition-metal sulfides with higher electronic conductivity are also promising anode materials for SIBs.…”

Advances on Nickel-Based Electrode Materials for Secondary Battery Systems: A Review

“…Carbon, as an important member of nonmetal materials, has been well studied as a promising complexing component for NiO due to the ability of limiting the volume expansion and improving the conductivity, such as carbon spheres, carbon paper, polymers, graphene, − graphene oxide, , and other doped carbon materials. − For instance, NiO crystals confined on the interior shells of hollow carbon spheres (NiO@HCS) possessed better electrical conductivity and a higher surface area than pure NiO. Thus, the capacity could be maintained at about 243 mA h g –1 at 2.0 A g –1 after 400 cycles .…”

“…For example, nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) co-doped 3D graphene@NiO delivered a high capacity (13,400 mA h g –1 at 0.05 A g –1 ) . Excitedly, doped carbon materials were also used in the field of low-temperature energy storage, such as 2D nickel oxide nanosheets encapsulated in N-doped carbon, which delivered a good capacity (428 mA h g –1 at 0.05 A g –1 ) at a low temperature (−40 °C) …”

“…44 Excitedly, doped carbon materials were also used in the field of low-temperature energy storage, such as 2D nickel oxide nanosheets encapsulated in N-doped carbon, which delivered a good capacity (428 mA h g −1 at 0.05 A g −1 ) at a low temperature (−40 °C). 45 Owing to the high conductivity, considerable efforts have been focused on metal elements to improve the energy-storage capability of NiO, including nickel 46−52 and silicon (Si is a metalloid). 52,53 The Ni/NiO microwire hybrid network was prepared through partial oxidation reaction of Ni microwires, delivering 443 mA h g −1 at 0.5 A g −1 .…”