Two-dimensional nonlinear beam shaping

Shapira, Amos; Shiloh, Roni; Juwiler, Irit; Arie, Ady

doi:10.1364/ol.37.002136

Cited by 90 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Furthermore, we can effectively tailor nonlinear wavefronts with designed ferroelectric domain through computer-generation holograms (CGH) [18][19][20]. Also, suitable domain structure could be flexibly introduced into LN for spontaneous parametric downconversion [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of Pattern Poled Lithium Niobate Film and its Nonlinear Optical Applications

Wang

Chen

et al. 2017

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Abstract.We develop an approach to fabricate arbitrary ferroelectric domain patterns on lithium niobate film (30-50 μm thick) by applying a structured external field at room temperature. The fabricating method can be operated easily to reach 1 μm linewidth resolution. The ferroelectric domain inversion is stable and uniform. Nonlinear diffraction is generated when the fundamental wave pumps to film. Various nonlinear wavefronts are obtained such as the frequency converted optical vortex beam. A nonlinear holographic concept is proposed to explain the physical phenomena and guide the corresponding domain design. The applications in optical field manipulation and novel photonic states generation are discussed. IntroductionLithium niobate (LN), a typical optoelectronic material, has been widely used in integrated optics due to its excellent nonlinear, electro-optic and acousto-optic properties [1][2][3][4]. Recently, the ferroelectric domain engineering on LN have attracted much attention because of the demand to realize nonlinear wave mixing process, including collinear and noncollinear situations in quasi-phase-matching (QPM) manners [5][6][7][8][9]. While it is difficult to carry out uniform micron linewidth ferroelectric domain inversion on typical 500-μm-thick LN crystal (the coercive field is about 21 kV/mm.) at room temperature as the result of the domain growth from +c facet to -c facet. At the same time, the domain structures will deteriorate soon for submicron LN film (540 nm thick) [10].With the development of domain engineering applications, ferroelectric domain structure with micron or sub-micron linewidth is desired [11][12][13][14]. Here we develop a method to fabricate arbitrary ferroelectric domain patterns on LN film (30-50μm thick) by applying a structured external field at room temperature [15][16]. The ferroelectric domain inversion is stable and uniform with 1 μm linewidth resolution.Based on the pattern poled LN film, it is convenient to observe nonlinear diffraction of vortex beam following the nonlinear holographic principle [8,17]. Furthermore, we can effectively tailor nonlinear wavefronts with designed ferroelectric domain through computer-generation holograms (CGH) [18][19][20]. Also, suitable domain structure could be flexibly introduced into LN for spontaneous parametric downconversion [21].

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of Pattern Poled Lithium Niobate Film and its Nonlinear Optical Applications

Wang

Chen

et al. 2017

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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“…Using different optical apparatus, we can shape laser beams, such as binary holograms [13], conical lenses [14], solid state lasers [15], and spatial light modulators [16]. Anisotropic photonic crystal beam shapers have been reported also [17], [18]. The aim of this letter is to show that 1DPC with radial GRIN lenses as the defect layers, can be engineered to achieve Manuscript specific beam profiles required for various applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering 1DPC Defect Mode With GRIN Lenses to Design Beam Shapers

Jamshidi‐Ghaleh

Bayat

2014

IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.

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In this letter, we introduce beam shapers that are designed using 1-D photonic crystals with a defect layer. We use two different radial gradient refractive index lenses as defect layers. Using the transfer matrix method, the properties of the structures are investigated. As a result, the proposed devices can shape and modulate the phase and intensity of plane waves on the output plane. It is possible to engineer different parameters, such as the refractive index distribution function of the defect layer and incident wave frequency, to achieve desired and useful beam shapes that are required for a given application.Index Terms-Beam shaper, defect layer, GRIN lens, onedimensional photonic crystal.

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“…The concept of CGH was recently extended by us into the nonlinear optical regime. In this case, the second-order nonlinear coefficient of a crystal is modulated, so that when a fundamental light beam passes through it, a wavefront with the chosen amplitude and phase is obtained in the second harmonic.Specifically, nonlinear CGH were recently used to convert a fundamental Gaussian beam into high order Hermite-Gauss or Laguerre-Gauss beam at the second harmonic [1][2][3][4]. In addition, the nonlinear process enables to all-optically control the properties of the generated beam.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Specifically, nonlinear CGH were recently used to convert a fundamental Gaussian beam into high order Hermite-Gauss or Laguerre-Gauss beam at the second harmonic [1][2][3][4]. In addition, the nonlinear process enables to all-optically control the properties of the generated beam.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…f carrier is the frequency of the carrier function, which is defined by the periodic modulation of the nonlinear coefficient. To demonstrate the concept of encoding a two-dimensional CGH in nonlinear crystals we fabricated a crystal aimed to generate in the first diffraction order three modes from the Hermite-Gaussian family, HG 11 , HG 12 and HG 21 , and three modes from the Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) family, LG 01 , LG 02 and LG 11 [3]. This was done by two-dimensional electric field poling of a SLT crystal.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Nonlinear Optical Holography

Arie

2014

Advanced Photonics

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Coding schemes for designing computer generated holograms can be implemented in nonlinear optics. Spatial modulation of the quadratic nonlinearity enables to arbitrarily shape the amplitude, phase and spectrum of the frequency converted beam. OCIS codes: (090.1760) Computer holography; (190.2620) Harmonic generation and mixingIn linear optics, holography is a used for storing and reconstructing both the amplitude and the phase of a wavefront from an illuminated object. Rather than using a real object, it was proposed in the mid-60s' of the previous century to compute and print the required pattern of the hologram. When a light beam is sent through such a computer generated hologram (CGH), the far-field diffracted wave-front has the desired amplitude and phase. The concept of CGH was recently extended by us into the nonlinear optical regime. In this case, the second-order nonlinear coefficient of a crystal is modulated, so that when a fundamental light beam passes through it, a wavefront with the chosen amplitude and phase is obtained in the second harmonic.Specifically, nonlinear CGH were recently used to convert a fundamental Gaussian beam into high order Hermite-Gauss or Laguerre-Gauss beam at the second harmonic [1][2][3][4]. In addition, the nonlinear process enables to all-optically control the properties of the generated beam. For example, the orbital angular momentum of (OAM) Laguerre-Gaussian beams can be controlled by the angular momentum of the pump beam and the nonlinear crystal, and follows a quasi-angular momentum conservation law, in a similar fashion to the well-known linear momentum conservation law of quasi phase matching (QPM) [2,5].Unlike its linear counterpart, a challenge that appears in the nonlinear CGH is the requirement for phasematching of the interacting waves. Moreover, the main method for modulating the nonlinear coefficient -electric field poling in ferroelectric crystals-is a planar method which enables to utilize only two out of the three available axes of the nonlinear crystal. Fortunately, there are several methods to overcome this limitation. If we limit the design to only one out of the two transverse axes, we can use the propagation axis (the crystallographic X axis) for quasi-phase-matching, while using only one of the transverse axes (the crystallographic Y axis) for imposing the amplitude and phase modulation. The 2D modulation of nonlinear coefficient is therefore

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Two-dimensional nonlinear beam shaping

Cited by 90 publications

References 21 publications

Fabrication of Pattern Poled Lithium Niobate Film and its Nonlinear Optical Applications

Fabrication of Pattern Poled Lithium Niobate Film and its Nonlinear Optical Applications

Engineering 1DPC Defect Mode With GRIN Lenses to Design Beam Shapers

Nonlinear Optical Holography

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