Two-dimensional strain fields on the cross-section of the human patellofemoral joint under physiological loading

Guterl, Clare Canal; Gardner, Thomas R.; Rajan, Vikram; Ahmad, Christopher S.; Hung, Clark T.; Ateshian, Gerard A.

doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2009.03.034

Cited by 29 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(47 reference statements)

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“…Confidence in both variables comes primarily from the combination of direct validation of contact stress and contact area with accurate cartilage constitutive models and a mesh convergence study. While the magnitudes of E 1 in the present study are consistent with those measured experimentally in the human patellofemoral joint [83], s max cannot be measured experimentally for direct or indirect validation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Finite Element Prediction of Transchondral Stress and Strain in the Human Hip

Henak

Ateshian

Weiss

2014

Journal of Biomechanical Engineering

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Cartilage fissures, surface fibrillation, and delamination represent early signs of hip osteoarthritis (OA). This damage may be caused by elevated first principal (most tensile) strain and maximum shear stress. The objectives of this study were to use a population of validated finite element (FE) models of normal human hips to evaluate the required mesh for converged predictions of cartilage tensile strain and shear stress, to assess the sensitivity to cartilage constitutive assumptions, and to determine the patterns of transchondral stress and strain that occur during activities of daily living. Five specimen-specific FE models were evaluated using three constitutive models for articular cartilage: quasilinear neo-Hookean, nonlinear Veronda Westmann, and tension-compression nonlinear ellipsoidal fiber distribution (EFD). Transchondral predictions of maximum shear stress and first principal strain were determined. Mesh convergence analysis demonstrated that five trilinear elements were adequate through the depth of the cartilage for precise predictions. The EFD model had the stiffest response with increasing strains, predicting the largest peak stresses and smallest peak strains. Conversely, the neo-Hookean model predicted the smallest peak stresses and largest peak strains. Models with neo-Hookean cartilage predicted smaller transchondral gradients of maximum shear stress than those with Veronda Westmann and EFD models. For FE models with EFD cartilage, the anterolateral region of the acetabulum had larger peak maximum shear stress and first principal strain than all other anatomical regions, consistent with observations of cartilage damage in disease. Results demonstrate that tension-compression nonlinearity of a continuous fiber distribution exhibiting strain induced anisotropy incorporates important features that have large effects on predictions of transchondral stress and strain. This population of normal hips provides baseline data for future comparisons to pathomorphologic hips. This approach can be used to evaluate these and other mechanical variables in the human hip and their potential role in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA).

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Finite Element Prediction of Transchondral Stress and Strain in the Human Hip

Henak

Ateshian

Weiss

2014

Journal of Biomechanical Engineering

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“…Furthermore, this study measured one strain value throughout the thickness of the cartilage. However, cartilage strain is non-uniform, with large variations throughout its thickness (Choi et al 2007, Guterl et al 2009). However, our study did quantify significant differences in the average peak strain between the injured and normal ankles and provided important insight into the differences in loading between the two sides.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo cartilage contact strains in patients with lateral ankle instability

Bischof

Spritzer

Caputo

et al. 2010

Journal of Biomechanics

103

111

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Damage to the anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) and cacaneofibular ligament (CFL) during ankle sprain may be linked to the development of osteoarthritis. Altered tibiotalar kinematics have been demonstrated in these patients, but the effects of lateral ankle instability (LAI) on in vivo cartilage strains have not been described. We hypothesized that peak cartilage strains increase, and the location is shifted in patients with ATFL injuries. We used 3-D MRI models and biplanar fluoroscopy to evaluate in vivo cartilage contact strains in seven patients with unilateral LAI. Subjects had chronic unilateral ATFL injury or combined ATFL and CFL injury, and were evaluated with increasing load while stepping onto a force plate. Peak cartilage strain and the location of the peak strain were measured using the contralateral normal ankle as a control. Ankles with LAI demonstrated significantly increased peak strain when compared with ATFL-intact controls. For example, at 100% body weight, peak strain was 29±8% on the injured side compared to 21±5% on the intact side. The position of peak strain on the injured ankle also showed significant anterior translation and medial translation. At 100% body weight, the location of peak strain in the injured ankle translated anteriorly by 15.5±7.1mm and medially by 12.9±4.3mm relative to the intact ankle. These changes correspond to the region of clinically-observed osteoarthritis. Chronic LAI, therefore, may contribute to the development of tibiotalar cartilage degeneration due to altered cartilage strains.

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“…This progressive increase in compressive modulus with depth has been observed consistently in articular cartilage from different joints, species and ages[14–19]. These techniques have been extended to examine cartilage mechanics in a variety of other situations, including strain fields surrounding indenters[20] and cartilage defects[21, 22], relationships between macroscopic strain and chondron deformation[23], compression of cross-sections of intact joints[18, 24], and shear properties under static, dynamic and sliding conditions[25–28]. In contrast, few studies have similarly focused on the details of fibrocartilage tissue mechanics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Meniscus and cartilage exhibit distinct intra-tissue strain distributions under unconfined compression

Lai

Levenston

2010

Osteoarthritis and Cartilage

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Objective To examine the functional behavior of the surface layer of the meniscus by investigating depth-varying compressive strains during unconfined compression. Design Pairs of meniscus and articular cartilage explants (n=12) site-matched at the tibial surfaces were subjected to equilibrium unconfined compression at 5, 10, 15, and 20% compression under fluorescence imaging. Two-dimensional deformations were tracked using digital image correlation. For each specimen, local compressive engineering strains were determined in 200μm layers through the depth of the tissue. In samples with sharp strain transitions, bi-linear regressions were used to characterize the surface and interior tissue compressive responses. Results Meniscus and cartilage exhibited distinct depth-dependent strain profiles during unconfined compression. All cartilage explants had elevated compressive engineering strains near the surface, consistent with previous reports. In contrast, half of the meniscus explants tested had substantially stiffer surface layers, as indicated by surface engineering strains that were ~20% of the applied compression. In the remaining samples, surface and interior engineering strains were comparable. Two-dimensional Green's strain maps revealed highly heterogeneous compressive and shear strains throughout the meniscus explants. In cartilage, the maximum shear strain appeared to be localized at 100–250μm beneath the articular surface. Conclusions Meniscus was characterized by highly heterogeneous strains during compression. In contrast to cartilage, which consistently had a compliant surface region, meniscal explants were either substantially stiffer near the surface or had comparable compressive stiffness through the depth. The relatively compliant interior may allow the meniscus to maintain a consistent surface contour while deforming during physiologic loading.

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Two-dimensional strain fields on the cross-section of the human patellofemoral joint under physiological loading

Cited by 29 publications

References 36 publications

Finite Element Prediction of Transchondral Stress and Strain in the Human Hip

Finite Element Prediction of Transchondral Stress and Strain in the Human Hip

In vivo cartilage contact strains in patients with lateral ankle instability

Meniscus and cartilage exhibit distinct intra-tissue strain distributions under unconfined compression

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