Two-dimensional transition metal phosphorous trichalcogenides (MPX₃): a review on emerging trends, current state and future perspectives

Abstract

We review emerging trends and the state-of-the-art in 2D transition metal phosphorus chalcogenides (MPX3, X = S, Se), including their emergent applications, physicochemical properties and growth methodologies, and a perspective on future directions.

Low‐Frequency Electronic Noise in Quasi‐2D van der Waals Antiferromagnetic Semiconductor FePS3—Signatures of Phase Transitions

“…The metal element of the MPX 3 materials modifies the bandgap from a medium bandgap of ≈1.3 eV to a wide bandgap of ≈3.5 eV. [1][2][3] The diverse properties of these materials tunable by proper selection and combination of the M and X elements make the MPX 3 materials an interesting platform for fundamental science and practical applications. [1][2][3][4][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] Among MPX 3 materials, FePS 3 is particularly promising.…”

“…[1][2][3] The diverse properties of these materials tunable by proper selection and combination of the M and X elements make the MPX 3 materials an interesting platform for fundamental science and practical applications. [1][2][3][4][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] Among MPX 3 materials, FePS 3 is particularly promising. Its Ising-type ordering allows it to maintain the bulk-like magnetic behavior down to a single monolayer, which explains its moniker -"magnetic graphene."…”

Photoelectrochemical Activity of Layered Metal Phosphorous Trichalcogenides for Water Oxidation

“…Existing or predicted variations of the MPX 3 ‐type structure based on the nature of the cation and ordering broaden the range of possible combinations such as M 4+ (P 2 X 6 ), M 2 1+ M 2+ (P 2 X 6 ) and M 1+ M 3+ (P 2 X 6 ), where M is the metal ion and X = S, Se. [ 23 ]…”

“…Density functional theory (DFT) calculations point to both direct and indirect bandgaps that can be found within the MPX 3 family of materials, with tunable bandgaps and the ideal combination of electron affinity and electronegativity that allows both the redox of H + /H 2 and O 2 /H 2 O to be located below the conduction band minimum and valence band maximum, correspondingly. [ 33,34 ] Among the most explored for water splitting reactions, Fe‐ and Ni‐based MPX 3 are recurrently tested, [ 23,35,36 ] and, more recently, mixed metal‐phase CuInP 2 S 6. [ 30,32 ] Nevertheless, reports dedicated to the PEC response of MPX 3 in the OER region are still scarce due to the sluggish kinetics of OER, as the trend of investigation on MPX 3 as photocatalysts is for H 2 production.…”

MnNBr Monolayer: A High‐Temperature Ferromagnetic Half‐Metal with Type‐II Weyl Fermions

“…In past few years, the experimental discovery of intrinsic magnetism in 2D layers of CrI 3 , [1] Cr 2 Ge 2 Te 6 , [2] and Fe 3 GeTe 2 [3] has aroused great interest in 2D magnetic materials. [4][5][6][7][8][9] Among them, ferromagnetic (FM) half-metals, behaving as a metal in one spin channel and a semiconductor or insulator in the other, are one class of ideal materials for the generation and injection of spin carriers, and the long-distance transport [10][11][12] due to their 100% spin polarization. However, the FM ground state in most of the discovered half-metallic materials is usually unstable at ambient temperature, which greatly hinders their practical applications.…”