Two-Dimensional Wave Overtopping Calculation Over a Dike in Shallow Foreshore by Swash

Suzuki, Tomohiro; Altomare, Corrado; Verwaest, T.; Trouw, Koen; Zijlema, Marcel

doi:10.9753/icce.v34.structures.3

Cited by 9 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Short-crested waves exhibit less long-wave energy generation on beaches (e.g. Herbers et al, 1994) and less wave overtopping occurs at structures with very shallow foreshores when short-crested seas are applied (Suzuki et al, 2014).…”

Section: Infragravity Wave Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In these situations, the magnitude of the wave period is not well known, although very large wave periods have been observed on shallow foreshores. Usually numerical or physical modelling is applied to predict the wave period, or the response of the structures directly (Van Gent, 1999a,b;Suzuki et al, 2014;Altomare et al, 2016). Design formulas for several types of response in these conditions do exist, however the near shore wave period is often required in these equations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Prediction formula for the spectral wave period T m-1,0 on mildly sloping shallow foreshores

Hofland

Chen

Altomare

et al. 2017

Coastal Engineering

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Section: Infragravity Wave Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction formula for the spectral wave period T m-1,0 on mildly sloping shallow foreshores

Hofland

Chen

Altomare

et al. 2017

Coastal Engineering

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“…Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models can resolve these hydraulic variables and are an efficient tool to obtain insights into the wave overtopping flow. Recent numerical models for wave overtopping are focused on the waterside of flood defences to determine the structural response of breakwaters [16][17][18], the wave impact on vertical walls [19,20] or the amount of wave overtopping [21,22]. These numerical models solve different equations and methods to simulate the flow: the momentum equations using the smoothed particle hydrodynamics method [17,19], the non-linear shallow water equations in 2D without a turbulence model [21,22] and the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations using the volume of fluid method in 2D [18,20,21] or 3D [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling the Wave Overtopping Flow over the Crest and the Landward Slope of Grass-Covered Flood Defences

Bergeijk

Warmink

Hulscher

2020

JMSE

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The wave overtopping flow can exert high hydraulic loads on the grass cover of dikes leading to failure of the cover layer on the crest and the landward slope. Hydraulic variables such as the near bed velocity, pressure, shear stress and normal stress are important to describe the forces that may lead to cover erosion. This paper presents a numerical model in the open source software OpenFOAM® to simulate the overtopping flow on the grass-covered crest and slope of individual overtopping waves for a range of landward slope angles. The model provides insights on how the hydraulic forces change along the profile and how irregularities in the profile affect these forces. The effect of irregularities in the grass cover on the overtopping flow are captured in the Nikuradse roughness height calibrated in this study. The model was validated with two datasets of overtopping tests on existing grass-covered dikes in the Netherlands. The model results show good agreement with measurements of the flow velocity in the top layer of the wave, as well as the near bed velocity. The model application shows that the pressure, shear stress and normal stress are maximal at the wave front. High pressures occur at geometrical transitions such as the start and end of the dike crest and at the inner toe. The shear stress is maximal on the lower slope, and the normal stress is maximal halfway of the slope, making these locations vulnerable to cover failure due to high loads. The exact location of the maximum forces depends on the overtopping volume. Furthermore, the model shows that the maximum pressure and maximum normal stress are largely affected by the steepness of the landward slope, but the slope steepness only has a small effect on the maximum flow velocity and maximum shear stress compared to the overtopping volume. This new numerical model is a useful tool to determine the hydraulic forces along the profile to find vulnerable points for cover failure and improve the design of grass-covered flood defences.

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“…Wave dynamics on mildly sloping beaches determine in large part the morphodynamics of the beach. That is why it has recently been studied more actively by conducting surface elevation measurements at a high number of locations along the beach, up to and, in some cases, including the swash zone (Boers et al, 1996;van Dongeren et al, 2007;Ruessink et al, 2013). This allowed a detailed analysis of the wave dynamics, in particular the non-linear wave interactions and the behavior of the infragravity waves.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

2d Overtopping and Impact Experiments in Shallow Foreshore Conditions

Gruwez

Vandebeek

Kisacik

et al. 2018

Int. Conf. Coastal. Eng.

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This paper introduces the 2D experiments conducted for the CREST project in the wave flume of Ghent University. The experiments focus on wave interactions with low-crested sea dikes fronted by a shallow foreshore and mildly to steeply sloping beaches, which is a very typical situation along the Belgian coast. Foreshore slopes of 1/20, 1/35, 1/50 and 1/80 were tested for a range of low to high energy wave conditions, a variation in wave steepness and two water levels. The main goal was to obtain a dataset in which the effects of the infragravity waves on the wave-structure interactions (i.e. wave overtopping and impact forces) can be studied. The tests included high spatial resolution surface elevation measurement tests, which is new for beaches including a dike in the inner surf zone. From the first results it became clear that the foreshore slope influences the wave transformation up to the dike toe. The influence is apparent comparing to existing (semi-) empirical models for prediction of the spectral wave period at the dike toe and wave overtopping at the dike crest. The high spatial resolution data show a steep increase in infragravity significant wave height in the very shallow area in front of the dike.

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Two-Dimensional Wave Overtopping Calculation Over a Dike in Shallow Foreshore by Swash

Cited by 9 publications

References 7 publications

Prediction formula for the spectral wave period T m-1,0 on mildly sloping shallow foreshores

Prediction formula for the spectral wave period T m-1,0 on mildly sloping shallow foreshores

Modelling the Wave Overtopping Flow over the Crest and the Landward Slope of Grass-Covered Flood Defences

2d Overtopping and Impact Experiments in Shallow Foreshore Conditions

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