Two Distinct Subsets Are Identified from the Peritoneal Myeloid Mononuclear Cells Expressing both CD11c and CD115

Abstract

To this date, the criteria to distinguish peritoneal macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs) are not clear. Here we delineate the subsets of myeloid mononuclear cells in the mouse peritoneal cavity. Considering phenotypical, functional, and ontogenic features, peritoneal myeloid mononuclear cells are divided into 5 subsets: large peritoneal macrophages (LPMs), small peritoneal macrophages (SPMs), DCs, and 2 MHCII + CD11c + CD115 + subpopulations (i.e., MHCII + CD11c + CD115 + CD14 − CD206 − and MHCII + CD11c + CD115 + CD14 + CD206 + ). Among them, 2 subsets of competent Ag presenting cells are demonstrated with distinct functional characteristics, one being DCs and the other being MHCII + CD11c + CD115 + CD14 − CD206 − cells. DCs are able to promote fully activated T cells and superior in expanding cytokine producing inflammatory T cells, whereas MHCII + CD11c + CD115 + CD14 − CD206 − cells generate partially activated T cells and possess a greater ability to induce Treg under TGF-β and retinoic acid conditions. While the development of DCs and MHCII + CD11c + CD115 + CD14 − CD206 − cells are responsive to the treatment of FLT3 ligand and GM-CSF, the number of LPMs, SPMs, and MHCII + CD11c + CD115 + CD14 + CD206 + cells are only influenced by the injection of GM-CSF. In addition, the analysis of gene expression profiles among MHCII + peritoneal myeloid mononuclear cells reveals that MHCII + CD11c + CD115 + CD14 + CD206 + cells share high similarity with SPMs, whereas MHCII + CD11c + CD115 + CD14 − CD206 − cells are related to peritoneal DC2s. Collectively, our study identifies 2 distinct subpopulations of MHCII + CD11c + CD115 + cells, 1) MHCII + CD11c + CD115 + CD14 − CD206 − cells closely related to peritoneal DC2s and 2) MHCII + CD11c + CD115 + CD14 + ...

Sequential Transcriptome Changes in the Penumbra after Ischemic Stroke

“…Statistical significance of the differential expression data was determined using an independent t-test and fold change in which the null hypothesis was that no difference exists among the groups. False discovery rate (FDR) was controlled by adjusting p value using Benjamini-Hochberg algorithm [44][45][46].…”

Global Gene Expression of T Cells Is Differentially Regulated by Peritoneal Dendritic Cell Subsets in an IL-2 Dependent Manner

“…injection, peritoneal DCs must be responsible for the capture, process, and presentation of Ags to T cells and thus initiating immune responses; however, studies regarding those aspects of peritoneal DCs have been limited. Although recent studies have characterized the diversity of peritoneal DC subsets, the distinct roles between peritoneal cDC subsets are yet to be investigated in depth (25)(26)(27). In the previous study (27), we demonstrated that new subsets of peritoneal DCs and macrophages were identified by differences in their ability to present antigens to and thus stimulate T cells.…”

“…Although recent studies have characterized the diversity of peritoneal DC subsets, the distinct roles between peritoneal cDC subsets are yet to be investigated in depth (25)(26)(27). In the previous study (27), we demonstrated that new subsets of peritoneal DCs and macrophages were identified by differences in their ability to present antigens to and thus stimulate T cells. Our present study examines and compares the capabilities of peritoneal cDC subsets regarding their ability to control T cell responses, and we have discovered that peritoneal cDC1s have a dominating role in modulating CD8 T cell responses by upregulating the expression of IL-2.…”

“…Peritoneal exudate cells were isolated following the protocols previously described (27). In brief, 5 ml of ice-cold isolation buffer, DPBS containing 3% fetal bovine serum, was injected into the peritoneal cavity.…”

“…RNA-Sequencing data are available from GEO under accession number GSE150863. RNA-Sequencing data of peritoneal cDC subsets (GEO accession number GSE130424) were generated in our previous publication (27), and here analyzed similarly as above.…”