Two doses of the mRNA BNT162b2 vaccine reduce severe outcomes, viral load and secondary attack rate: evidence from a SARS-CoV-2 Alpha outbreak in a nursing home in Germany, January-March 2021

Meyer, Emily Dorothee; Sandfort, Mirco; Bender, Jennifer K.; Matysiak‐Klose, Dorothea; Dörre, Achim; Bojara, Gerhard; Beyrer, K; Hellenbrand, Wiebke

doi:10.1101/2021.09.13.21262519

Cited by 12 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 7 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…For an individual, the goal of vaccination against COVID-19 is to prevent disease, but from a population perspective, there is an additional goal to reduce transmission, which can eliminate the need for complete vaccine coverage. Some studies have observed a reduction in transmission in vaccinated individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 201 by testing close contacts of cases 10,123,143,149,162,202–204 . Others have reported reductions in viral load in the respiratory tract - expected to be a determinant of infectiousness - in vaccinated (versus unvaccinated) cases 19,166,176,205 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of COVID-19 vaccine efficacy and effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 infection and disease

Higdon

Wahl

Jones

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Billions of doses of COVID-19 vaccines have been administered around the world, dramatically reducing SARS-CoV-2 incidence in some settings. Many studies suggest vaccines provide a high degree of protection against infection and disease, but precise estimates vary and studies differ in design, outcomes measured, dosing regime, location, and circulating virus strains. Here we conduct a systematic review of COVID-19 vaccines as of August 2021. We included efficacy data from Phase 3 clinical trials for 13 vaccines within the WHO Emergency Use Listing evaluation process and real-world effectiveness for 5 vaccines with observational studies meeting inclusion criteria. Vaccine metrics collected include effects against asymptomatic infection, any infection, symptomatic COVID-19, and severe outcomes including hospitalization and death, for both partial and complete vaccination, and against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern. In addition, we review the epidemiological principles behind the design and interpretation of vaccine effects, and explain important sources of heterogeneity between studies.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of COVID-19 vaccine efficacy and effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 infection and disease

Higdon

Wahl

Jones

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Data visualization and Spearman's rank correlation analyses were performed in GraphPad Prism software (version 8.3). The reported vaccine efficacy data has been taken from current literature (Table S2) [2,3,5,[14][15][16][17][18]20,[22][23][24][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 variants induced by four different SARS-CoV-2 vaccines

Gils

Lavell

Appelman

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Emerging and future SARS-CoV-2 variants may jeopardize the effectiveness of vaccination campaigns. We performed a head-to-head comparison of the ability of sera from individuals vaccinated with either one of four vaccines (BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, AZD1222 or Ad26.COV2.S) to recognize and neutralize the four SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs; Alpha, Beta, Gamma and Delta). Four weeks after completing the vaccination series, SARS-CoV-2 wild-type neutralizing antibody titers were highest in recipients of BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 (median titers of 1891 and 3061, respectively), and substantially lower in those vaccinated with the adenovirus vector-based vaccines AZD1222 and Ad26.COV2.S (median titers of 241 and 119, respectively). VOCs neutralization was reduced in all vaccine groups, with the largest (5.8-fold) reduction in neutralization being observed against the Beta variant. Overall, the mRNA vaccines appear superior to adenovirus vector-based vaccines in inducing neutralizing antibodies against VOCs four weeks after the final vaccination.

show abstract

“…24 This may accelerate the spread of Omicron in South Africa, highlighting the urgent need of increasing the vaccination coverage in the country. Although the authorized COVID-19 vaccines showed decreased effectiveness against the variant viruses, [25][26][27][28][29][30][31] it has been shown that the vaccines remain effective in preventing severe diseases, hospitalization, and death. [32][33][34] It is also noteworthy that the low antibody level in the infected or the vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2 might promote the evolution and selection of new variants.…”

Section: Improving Covid-19 Vaccine Coveragementioning

confidence: 99%

SARS‐CoV‐2 Omicron variant: Characteristics and prevention

Hong

Pan

et al. 2021

MedComm

468

435

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has brought about a great threat to global public health. Recently, a new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variant B.1.1.529 has been reported in South Africa and induced a rapid increase in COVID-19 cases. On November 24, 2021, B.1.1.529 named Omicron was designated as a variant under monitoring (VUM) by World Health Organization (WHO). Two days later, the Omicron variant was classified as a variant of concern (VOC). This variant harbors a high number of mutations, including 15 mutations in the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of spike. The Omicron variant also shares several mutations with the previous VOC Alpha, Beta, and Gamma variants, which immediately raised global concerns about viral transmissibility, pathogenicity, and immune evasion. Here we described the discovery and characteristics of the Omicron variant, compared the mutations of the spike in the five VOCs, and further raised possible strategies to prevent and overcome the prevalence of the Omicron variant.

show abstract

Two doses of the mRNA BNT162b2 vaccine reduce severe outcomes, viral load and secondary attack rate: evidence from a SARS-CoV-2 Alpha outbreak in a nursing home in Germany, January-March 2021

Cited by 12 publications

References 7 publications

A systematic review of COVID-19 vaccine efficacy and effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 infection and disease

A systematic review of COVID-19 vaccine efficacy and effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 infection and disease

Antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 variants induced by four different SARS-CoV-2 vaccines

SARS‐CoV‐2 Omicron variant: Characteristics and prevention

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About