TwoO-Methyltransferases from Phylogenetically Unrelated Cow Parsley (Anthriscus sylvestris) and Hinoki-Asunaro (Thujopsis dolabratavar.hondae) as a Signature of Lineage-Specific Evolution in Lignan Biosynthesis

Yamamura, Masaomi; Kumatani, Masato; Shiraishi, Akira; Yu, Ming; Kobayashi, Keisuke; Suzuki, Atsushi; Kawamura, Atsushi; Satake, Honoo; Ragamustari, Safendrri Komara; Suzuki, Shiro; Suzuki, Hideyuki; Shibata, Daisuke; Kawai, Shinya; Ono, Eiichiro; Umezawa, Toshiaki

doi:10.1093/pcp/pcac164

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…Researchers have already reported that Alpinia galanga extract leads to proteasome activation [24]. As for Thujopsis dolabrata leaf extract, the plant belongs to Cupressaceae family and is known to contain lignans [34], and it is reasonable that its extract had a positive effect. As for Hamamelis virginiana leaf extract, its similarity to JBE is currently unknown.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Juniper berry extract containing Anthricin and Yatein suppresses lipofuscin accumulation in human epidermal keratinocytes through proteasome activation, increases brightness and decreases spots in human skin

Sakamoto,

Fujimoto,

Nakagawa

et al. 2023

Intern J of Cosmetic Sci

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ObjectiveSkin brightness and spot have a significant impact on youthful and beautiful appearance. One important factor influencing skin brightness is the amount of internal reflected light from the skin. Observers recognize the total surface‐reflected light and internal reflected light as skin brightness. The more internal reflected light from the skin, the more attractive and brighter the skin appears. This study aims to identify a new natural cosmetic ingredient that increases the skin's internal reflected light, decreases spot and provides a youthful and beautiful skin appearance.MethodsLipofuscin in epidermal keratinocytes, the aggregating complex of denatured proteins and peroxidized lipids, is one factor that decreases skin brightness and causes of spot. Aggregates block light transmission, and peroxidized lipids lead to skin yellowness, dullness and age spot. Lipofuscin is known to accumulate intracellularly with ageing. Rapid removal of intracellular denatured proteins prevents lipofuscin formation and accumulation in cells. We focused a proteasome system that efficiently removes intracellular denatured proteins. To identify natural ingredients that increase proteasome activity, we screened 380 extracts derived from natural products. The extract with the desired activity was fractionated and purified to identify active compounds that lead to proteasome activation. Finally, the efficacy of the proteasome‐activating extract was evaluated in a human clinical study.ResultsWe discovered that Juniperus communis fruits (Juniper berry) extract (JBE) increases proteasome activity and suppresses lipofuscin accumulation in human epidermal keratinocytes. We found Anthricin and Yatein, which belong to the lignan family, to be major active compounds responsible for the proteasome‐activating effect of JBE. In a human clinical study, an emulsion containing 1% JBE was applied to half of the face twice daily for 4 weeks, resulting in increased internal reflected light, brightness improvement (L‐value) and reduction in yellowness (b‐value) and spot in the cheek area.ConclusionThis is the first report demonstrating that JBE containing Anthricin and Yatein decreases lipofuscin accumulation in human epidermal keratinocytes through proteasome activation, increases brightness and decreases surface spots in human skin. JBE would be an ideal natural cosmetic ingredient for creating a more youthful and beautiful skin appearance with greater brightness and less spot.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Juniper berry extract containing Anthricin and Yatein suppresses lipofuscin accumulation in human epidermal keratinocytes through proteasome activation, increases brightness and decreases spots in human skin

Sakamoto,

Fujimoto,

Nakagawa

et al. 2023

Intern J of Cosmetic Sci

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“…2 , Table 2 ). From these plants, there are three distinct OMTs that have been identified to catalyze methylation at the same position of their substrate lignans ( Lau and Sattely 2015 , Yamamura et al. 2023 ).…”

Section: Catalytic Convergence In Enzymesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Evolvability of Plant Specialized Metabolism: Uniqueness Out Of Uniformity and Uniqueness Behind Uniformity

Ono

Murata

2023

Plant and Cell Physiology

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The huge structural diversity exhibited by plant specialized metabolites has primarily been considered to result from the catalytic specificity of their biosynthetic enzymes. Accordingly, enzyme gene multiplication and functional differentiation through spontaneous mutations have been established as the molecular mechanisms that drive metabolic evolution. Nevertheless, how plants have assembled and maintained such metabolic enzyme genes and the typical clusters that are observed in plant genomes, as well as why identical specialized metabolites often exist in phylogenetically remote lineages, are currently explained only poorly by a concept known as convergent evolution. Here, we compile recent knowledge on the co-presence of metabolic modules that are common in the plant kingdom but have evolved under specific historical and contextual constraints defined by the physicochemical properties of each plant specialized metabolite and the genetic presets of the biosynthetic genes. Further, we discuss a common manner to generate uncommon metabolites (uniqueness out of uniformity) and an uncommon manner to generate common metabolites (uniqueness behind uniformity). This review describes the emerging aspects of the evolvability of plant specialized metabolism that underlie the vast structural diversity of plant specialized metabolites in nature.

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“…OMTs in plants typically act on compounds containing phenolic hydroxyl groups, such as phenylpropanoids, avonoids, and alkaloids, to methylate their oxygen atoms 27,28 . They are a crucial regulatory enzyme in the phenylpropanoid metabolic pathway, which is derived from the shikimate pathway 29 . Pinane, the common precursor of podophyllotoxin, is one of the important natural secondary metabolites in the phenylpropanoid metabolic pathway of plants 30 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cloning and bioinformatics analysis of key gene ShOMT3 of podophyllotoxin biosynthesis pathway in Sinopodophyllum hexandrum

Gao,

Zhao,

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Sinopodophyllum hexandrum (S. hexandrum) is an endangered traditional Chinese medicine as abundant podophyllotoxin with powerful anticancer activity. In this study, the rootstalks of S. hexandrum from different geographical locations in China [S1 (Gansu) and S2 (Shaanxi)] were used as research materials to clone the key gene pluviatolide O-methyltransferase 3 (ShOMT3) in the podophyllotoxin biosynthetic pathway. Subsequently, bioinformatics analysis of the ShOMT3 gene and its encoded protein was subjected to bioinformatics analysis using various analysis software including ProtParam, Tmhmm Server 2.0, SubLoc, Signal-P 5.0, and Swiss-model. The results of the analysis revealed that the CDS region of the ShOMT3 gene is 1119 bp long, encoding 372 amino acids. The theoretical molecular weight of the ShOMT3 protein is 41.32784 kD, and the theoretical isoelectric point (pI) is 5.27. The instability coefficient of the protein is 46.05, the aliphatic index is 93.58, and the grand average of hydropathicity (GRAVY) is 0.037, indicating that it is an unstable hydrophobic protein. The protein does not contain transmembrane domains or signal peptides, indicating that it is a non-secreted protein. Secondary structure prediction results suggests that the protein consists of alpha helices, random coils, extended strands, and beta-turns. Tertiary structure prediction results suggests that the protein functions as a monomer. In the phylogenetic tree, the ShOMT3 protein has the highest homology with Podophyllum peltatum (P. peltatum). The successful cloning and bioinformatics analysis of the ShOMT3 gene provide theoretical basis and excellent genetic resources for the molecular regulatory mechanism analysis of the podophyllotoxin biosynthetic pathway and molecular breeding in S. hexandrum.

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TwoO-Methyltransferases from Phylogenetically Unrelated Cow Parsley (Anthriscus sylvestris) and Hinoki-Asunaro (Thujopsis dolabratavar.hondae) as a Signature of Lineage-Specific Evolution in Lignan Biosynthesis

Cited by 7 publications

References 102 publications

Juniper berry extract containing Anthricin and Yatein suppresses lipofuscin accumulation in human epidermal keratinocytes through proteasome activation, increases brightness and decreases spots in human skin

Juniper berry extract containing Anthricin and Yatein suppresses lipofuscin accumulation in human epidermal keratinocytes through proteasome activation, increases brightness and decreases spots in human skin

Exploring the Evolvability of Plant Specialized Metabolism: Uniqueness Out Of Uniformity and Uniqueness Behind Uniformity

Cloning and bioinformatics analysis of key gene ShOMT3 of podophyllotoxin biosynthesis pathway in Sinopodophyllum hexandrum

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