Two-interferometer fiber optic sensor with disturbance localization

Kondrat, Marcin; Szustakowski, Mieczysław; Ciurapiński, W.; Życzkowski, M.

doi:10.1117/12.688935

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Providing a safe channel for the exchange of information makes it necessary to protect such lines and treat them as objects of critical infrastructure. There are applications of fiber optic sensors to protect wide area objects [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. However specification of the attacks, their precision and characteristic of the protected object requires the new approach to the problem of protection of telecommunication lines.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical fiber sensors as the primary element in the protection of critical infrastructure especially in optoelectronic transmission lines

Życzkowski

Szustakowski

Ciurapiński

et al. 2013

Safety and Security Engineering V

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The security systems of the wide area objects are dominated by fiber optic sensors, used primarily to perimeter protection as well as to the protection of vast objects such as pipelines. Critical infrastructure objects are not only industrial facilities but also the transmission lines. Authors present the sensor systems compared to sensors for extensive object security currently available on the market. The designed systems, such as double interferometer system as well as more and more popular QKD systems are sensors with distributed sensing field. These systems, described by authors in many publications, are excellent solutions for the protection of wide area infrastructural objects. Presented fiber sensors, besides sabotage detection also offer the possibility of locating the disturbance along many kilometers of the zone. The solution presented in this paper was designed to adapt well known solutions to the physical protection of the transmission line without interfering with the transmitted data. According to the knowledge of potential threats of fiber optic telecommunications, the authors present methods of protecting fiber optics telecommunication cable, and present their own solutions and describe their application possibilities.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical fiber sensors as the primary element in the protection of critical infrastructure especially in optoelectronic transmission lines

Życzkowski

Szustakowski

Ciurapiński

et al. 2013

Safety and Security Engineering V

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“…To get the precise TOAs of the intrusion signals, many signal processing algorithms were employed [11]. However, the approaches suffer from the measurement errors for the fast speed of the laser propagating in the optical fiber, the errors of the time limit the precision of the intrusion localization to tens of meters [12]. Many researchers have worked on this problem and various signal processing algorithms have been employed to obtain a precise TOA in optical-fiber sensing localization [13], [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unscented Particle Filtering Algorithm for Optical-fiber Sensing Intrusion Localization Based on Particle Swarm Optimization

Hua

Jiang

2015

TELKOMNIKA

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To improve the convergence and precision of intrusion localization in optical-fiber sensing perimeter protection applications, we present an algorithm based on an unscented particle filter (UPF). The algorithm employs particle swarm optimization (PSO) IntroductionOptical-fiber sensor-based intrusion detection technologies are widely used in perimeter security protection systems. Recently, the optical fiber sensing technologies available for intrusion detection include the interferometer-based optical fiber sensors and the optical time domain reflectometry (OTDR)-based optical fiber sensors, and each of which has characters [1]- [8]. Among the technologies, the interferometer-based optical-fiber sensors are preferred in intrusion detection for their high sensitivity to vibrational signals and low cost. As is known, it is important to localize the intruder when an intrusion signal is detected in a perimeter protection system. Generally, the underground intrusion signals to be detected are acoustic (or vibrational) signals generated by the intruder. When an intrusion occurs, the time of arrival (TOA) of the intrusion signal is used to locate the position of the intruder approximately [9].As the interferometer-based systems use consecutive laser pulses, the interval between the laser being sent out and the intrusion signal arriving at the receiver cannot be determined. Thus, the TOA of the intrusion signal cannot be accurately measured, which affects the precision of intrusion localization. To get the precise TOAs of the intrusion signals, many signal processing algorithms were employed [11]. However, the approaches suffer from the measurement errors for the fast speed of the laser propagating in the optical fiber, the errors of the time limit the precision of the intrusion localization to tens of meters [12]. Many researchers have worked on this problem and various signal processing algorithms have been employed to obtain a precise TOA in optical-fiber sensing localization [13], [14]. To improve the precision of intrusion localization, we have previously used the geometrical positions of the distributed sensors and the differences in relative TOAs to estimate the position of the intruder [15]-[16]. State estimation-based methods demonstrate high precision. However, as the measurement equation is nonlinear, the convergence speed is poor and the precision is subject to measurement errors.In this paper, a particle filter is used to handle the problem of nonlinearity in optical-fiber sensing intrusion localization. To avoid the degeneracy problem and sample impoverishment after resampling, we employ the unscented particle filter (UPF) and use particle swarm optimization (PSO) to maintain diversity in the particles. A series of simulations demonstrate that the proposed algorithm improves precision and convergence when there is no prior intruder location.

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Novel Lissajous figure based location method for fiber-optic distributed disturbance sensor

Liang

Sheng

Lou

et al. 2015

Optik

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Two-interferometer fiber optic sensor with disturbance localization

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Optical fiber sensors as the primary element in the protection of critical infrastructure especially in optoelectronic transmission lines

Optical fiber sensors as the primary element in the protection of critical infrastructure especially in optoelectronic transmission lines

Unscented Particle Filtering Algorithm for Optical-fiber Sensing Intrusion Localization Based on Particle Swarm Optimization

Novel Lissajous figure based location method for fiber-optic distributed disturbance sensor

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