Two kinds of cholinoreceptors on the non-visceral muscle of some echinodermata

Shelkovnikov, S. A.; Starshinova, L. A.; Zeimal, E.V.

doi:10.1016/0306-4492(77)90002-8

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Other studies on the dose^response relationship of acetylcholine in echinoderms have been done using muscles. Studies on the radial muscle of the sea urchin Asthenosoma ijimai (Tsuchiya & Amemiya 1977), on the lantern retractor muscle of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus intermedius (Shelkovnikov et al 1977;Kobzar & Shelkovnikov 1985) and on the tube foot muscle of the star¢sh Asterias amurensis (Protas & Muske 1980) all had similar outcomes, i.e. a threshold concentration for acetylcholine of around 10 ¡7 M. The maximal tension was reached at 10 ¡4^1 0 ¡3 M, similar to the maximal values for softening at 10 ¡4 M in our study and at 10 ¡3 M of sea cucumber CCT (Motokawa 1981).…”

Section: (Ii) Acetylcholine Dose^response Curve In Comparisonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cirri of the stalked crinoidMetacrinus rotundus: neural elements and the effect of cholinergic agonists on mechanical properties

Birenheide

Yokoyama

Motokawa

2000

Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B

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Sea lilies are enigmatic animals due to their scarcity and their biology is comparatively neglected. Cirri, arranged in whorls of five along the sea lily stalk, anchor and support the animal. They consist of ossicles interconnected by collagenous ligaments and by a central canal. Cirri have a well-developed nervous system but lack muscular cells. A light and electron microscopic study was performed to clarify the morphology of the nervous system of the cirri. Two cellular networks were found, one of neuron-like cells and one of cells filled with bullet-shaped organelles. Both networks ramify throughout the cirral ossicles up to the interossicle ligaments. Mechanical tests were performed to analyse the influence of cholinergic agonists on the mechanical properties of these ligaments. In the tests, the cirral ligaments softened after the application of acetylcholine, muscarinic agonists and nicotinic agonists. The reaction time to muscarinic agonists was much slower than to acetylcholine and nicotinic agonists. At low concentrations, muscarinic agonists caused active development of force. No reaction to stimuli was observed in anaesthetized cirri. The data clearly establish the existence of catch connective tissue which can change its mechanical properties under nervous control mediated via nerves with cholinergic receptors. The possible sources of the observed force production are discussed and it is concluded that active contraction of collagenous ligaments causes movement of cirri.

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Section: (Ii) Acetylcholine Dose^response Curve In Comparisonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cirri of the stalked crinoidMetacrinus rotundus: neural elements and the effect of cholinergic agonists on mechanical properties

Birenheide

Yokoyama

Motokawa

2000

Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B

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“…Furthermore, there is evidence that the effects of ACh on echinoderm muscle are mediated by muscarinic and/or nicotinic receptors. [119][120][121][122][123][124][125] Analysis of the effects of ACh on the body wall dermis of the sea-cucumber Holothuria leucospilota revealed that ACh and nicotinic receptor agonists cause an initial increase in viscosity followed by a later decrease in viscosity, whereas muscarinic agonists cause a decrease in viscosity. 126 These findings suggest that both stiffening and destiffening of seacucumber dermal MCT are controlled by cholinergic motoneurons.…”

Section: X24 Neural Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Mutable Collagenous Tissue of Echinoderms: From Biology to Biomedical Applications

Wilkie

Sugni

Gupta

et al. 2021

Soft Matter for Biomedical Applications

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The mutable collagenous tissue (MCT) of echinoderms (starfish, sea-urchins and their close relations) has the capacity to drastically alter its mechanical properties within a timescale of seconds under the control of the nervous system. MCT is of central importance to the biology of echinoderms: postural fixation of the body or its appendages depends on passive MCT stiffening and all autotomy (defensive self-detachment) mechanisms involve irreversible MCT destabilisation. This chapter reviews research on the biology and biomedical applications of MCT. It focuses on recent advances in knowledge of its organisation, biomechanics, molecular mechanisms of tensile change and neural control, and demonstrates that MCT has attracted interest as a source of constituents for the construction of novel materials with potential biomedical applications and as a source of inspiration for the design of entirely artificial materials with adaptable and controllable mechanical properties.

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Cholinoreceptors of the dentis retractor muscle of the sea urchin strongylocentrotus intermedius

Kobzar

Shelkovnikov

1985

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Comparative Pha

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Two kinds of cholinoreceptors on the non-visceral muscle of some echinodermata

Cited by 4 publications

References 7 publications

Cirri of the stalked crinoidMetacrinus rotundus: neural elements and the effect of cholinergic agonists on mechanical properties

Cirri of the stalked crinoidMetacrinus rotundus: neural elements and the effect of cholinergic agonists on mechanical properties

The Mutable Collagenous Tissue of Echinoderms: From Biology to Biomedical Applications

Cholinoreceptors of the dentis retractor muscle of the sea urchin strongylocentrotus intermedius

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