Two new allatostatins from the brains of Diploptera punctata

Woodhead, Andrea P.; Khan, M. A. Q.; Stay, Barbara; Tobe, Stephen S.

doi:10.1016/0965-1748(94)90005-1

Cited by 88 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Third HPLC Run-The conditions were as follows: column: 150 ϫ 4.6-mm Shiseido CAPCELL PAK C 8 SG 300 with 10 ϫ 4.6-mm guard column (same material; Grom); solvent A: 20 mM NH 4 Ac (pH 6.9); solvent B: 20 mM NH 4 Ac in 80% CH 3 CN; gradient: 0 -40 min of 6.25-62.5% solvent B (corresponding to 5-50% CH 3 CN) (linear gradient, 1.4% solvent B/min ϭ 1.125% CH 3 CN/min) followed by a 12-min wash at 100% solvent B; and flow rate: 1 ml/min. The active fractions (2300 brain equivalents) from the second HPLC run were dried down to ϳ50 l, diluted with 50 l of 20 mM NH 4 Ac in 10% CH 3 CN, and loaded separately onto the column.…”

Section: Chromatographymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The active fractions (2300 brain equivalents) from the second HPLC run were dried down to ϳ50 l, diluted with 50 l of 20 mM NH 4 Ac in 10% CH 3 CN, and loaded separately onto the column. Peaks were collected manually into 1.5-ml reaction tubes, preloaded with 5 l of 0.1% bovine serum albumin solution, and assayed for allatostatic activity (50 brain equivalents/ assay).…”

Section: Chromatographymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inhibition of juvenile hormone (JH) 1 biosynthesis by corpora allata (CA) in vitro has provided the basis for the isolation of a family of allatostatins (Tyr-Xaa-Phe-Gly-Leu-NH 2 ) from brain extracts of various cockroach species (Diploptera punctata, Periplaneta americana, and Blattella germanica) (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6). In D. punctata and P. americana, molecular cloning has led to the isolation of cDNA that encodes a precursor polypeptide containing 13 and 14 potential allatostatic sequences, respectively, including those formerly identified through conventional purification techniques (7,8).…”

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A Family of Neuropeptides That Inhibit Juvenile Hormone Biosynthesis in the Cricket, Gryllus bimaculatus

Lorenz

Kellner

Hoffmann

1995

Journal of Biological Chemistry

186

101

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Four nonapeptides that inhibit juvenile hormone synthesis have been isolated by four high performance liquid chromatographic steps from extracts of the brain of the field cricket, Gryllus bimaculatus. The primary structures of these peptides were assigned by Edman degradation and mass spectrometry as Gly-Trp-Gln-AspLeu-Asn-Gly-Gly-Trp-NH 2 (Grb-AST B1), Gly-Trp-ArgAsp-Leu-Asn-Gly-Gly-Trp-NH 2 (Grb-AST B2), Ala-TrpArg-Asp-Leu-Ser-Gly-Gly-Trp-NH 2 (Grb-AST B3), and Ala-Trp-Glu-Arg-Phe-His-Gly-Ser-Trp-NH 2 (Grb-AST B4). Each of the peptides shows high sequence similarity to the locustamyoinhibiting peptide (Lom-MIP), but is structurally different from all the allatostatins so far identified. The synthetic allatostatins Grb-AST B1-4 are potent inhibitors (50% inhibition at 10 ؊8 to 7 ؋ 10 ؊8 M) of juvenile hormone III biosynthesis by corpora allata from 3-day-old virgin females of G. bimaculatus using an in vitro bioassay. At 10 ؊7 M, Grb-AST B1 also strongly inhibits juvenile hormone III biosynthesis by corpora allata from 2-day-old adult males and 1-day-old (males and females) and 4-day-old (females) last instar larvae of G. bimaculatus. The inhibitory effect of Grb-AST B1 was also evident on corpora allata from a related species, Acheta domesticus. Inhibition of juvenile hormone synthesis by Grb-AST B1-4 is reversible.

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Section: Chromatographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Chromatographymentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Family of Neuropeptides That Inhibit Juvenile Hormone Biosynthesis in the Cricket, Gryllus bimaculatus

Lorenz

Kellner

Hoffmann

1995

Journal of Biological Chemistry

186

101

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“…Chemical shifts are reported in ␦. The reference signal for the proton spectra (1.73 ppm) was caused by residual protons at C 3 and C 4 in the THF-d 8 . The reference signal for the carbon spectra (25.37 ppm) was the result of the signal from C 3 and C 4 (27,28).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…NMR analysis confirmed that the minor components had been substantially eliminated. As THF-d 8 appeared to be a superior solvent for NMR analyses, the benzene was removed, and the oil was redissolved in THF-d 8 . The spectra were obtained in THF-d 8 solutions on a Bruker (Billerica, MA) WM 500 spectrometer.…”

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confidence: 99%

A cytochrome P450 terpenoid hydroxylase linked to the suppression of insect juvenile hormone synthesis

Sutherland

Unnithan

Andersen

et al. 1998

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

121

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A cDNA encoding a cytochrome P450 enzyme was isolated from a cDNA library of the corpora allata (CA) from reproductively active Diploptera punctata cockroaches. This P450 from the endocrine glands that produce the insect juvenile hormone (JH) is most closely related to P450 proteins of family 4 and was named CYP4C7. The CYP4C7 gene is expressed selectively in the CA; its message could not be detected in the fat body, corpora cardiaca, or brain, but trace levels of expression were found in the midgut and caeca. The levels of CYP4C7 mRNA in the CA, measured by ribonuclease protection assays, were linked to the activity cycle of the glands. In adult females, CYP4C7 expression increased immediately after the peak of JH synthesis, reaching a maximum on day 7, just before oviposition. mRNA levels then declined after oviposition and during pregnancy. The CYP4C7 protein was produced in Escherichia coli as a C-terminal His-tagged recombinant protein. In a reconstituted system with insect NADPH cytochrome P450 reductase, cytochrome b 5 , and NADPH, the purified CYP4C7 metabolized (2E,6E)-farnesol to a more polar product that was identified by GC-MS and by NMR as (10E)-12-hydroxyfarnesol. CYP4C7 converted JH III to 12-trans-hydroxy JH III and metabolized other JH-like sesquiterpenoids as well. This -hydroxylation of sesquiterpenoids appears to be a metabolic pathway in the corpora allata that may play a role in the suppression of JH biosynthesis at the end of the gonotrophic cycle.Juvenile hormone (JH) plays a central role in insect development, metamorphosis, and reproduction. This sesquiterpenoid epoxide is synthesized in endocrine glands, the corpora allata (CA)(1), and is degraded predominantly by esterases and epoxide hydrolases (2). The rate of JH synthesis by the CA is a major determinant of the titer of JH in the hemolymph (3), and the regulation of JH synthesis is seen as a potential target for insect control. The biosynthesis of JH has been extensively characterized during the reproductive cycle of the cockroach Diploptera punctata, an insect that serves as a convenient model system. In adult females of this insect, the cycle of JH synthesis is regulated by humoral factors and by innervation from neurosecretory cells in the brain (1). Production of JH by the CA increases 10-fold to reach a peak 5 days after adult emergence and mating, and this peak corresponds to the peak of vitellogenesis. Synthesis is then rapidly repressed and remains low from deposition of the eggs into the brood sac through pregnancy (4).The allatostatins, a family of brain-gut peptides (5-9) are known to inhibit JH synthesis in D. punctata at the end of a gonotrophic cycle, but these peptides are probably not alone responsible for repression of the intrinsic rate of JH synthesis in postvitellogenic insects. The mechanism of stable suppression of JH synthesis at the end of the cycle has received very little attention, in part because of the absence of molecular tools to dissect it. This repression occurs concomitant with changes in c...

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Distribution of Dip-allatostatin I-like immunoreactivity in the brain of the locustSchistocerca gregaria with detailed analysis of immunostaining in the central complex

1996

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The distribution and morphology of neurons containing allatostatin-related substances in the brain of the locust Schistocerca gregaria was investigated using an antiserum against Diploptera punctata allatostatin I (Dip-allatostatin I, APSGAQRLYGFGL-amide). In each brain hemisphere, about 550 neurons in the midbrain and 500 neurons in the optic lobe exhibit Dip-allatostatin I-like immunoreactivity, including about eight lateral neurosecretory cells with processes to the retrocerebral complex. All major brain areas except the antennal lobe, the mushroom body, and large parts of the lamina, are innervated by Dip-allatostatin I-immunoreactive processes. Immunostaining in the central complex was studied in detail. The central complex is innervated by more than 260 Dip-allatostatin I-immunoreactive neurons belonging to six different cell types, four sets of tangential neurons and two sets of columnar neurons. These neurons give rise to intense immunostaining in the protocerebral bridge, in several layers of the upper division of the central body, and in the dorsalmost layer of the lower division of the central body. Double-label experiments show colocalization of Dip-allatostatin I- and serotonin-like immunoreactivities in one type of columnar and one type of tangential neurons of the central complex. The similar patterns of Dip-allatostatin I- and galanin message-associated peptide-like immunoreactivities result from cross-reactivity of the anti-galanin message-associated peptide antiserum with Dip-allatostatin I. The results provide further insight into the anatomical and neurochemical organization of the locust central complex and suggest a prominent neuroactive role for Dip-allatostatin I-related peptides in this brain area.

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Two new allatostatins from the brains of Diploptera punctata

Cited by 88 publications

References 11 publications

A Family of Neuropeptides That Inhibit Juvenile Hormone Biosynthesis in the Cricket, Gryllus bimaculatus

A Family of Neuropeptides That Inhibit Juvenile Hormone Biosynthesis in the Cricket, Gryllus bimaculatus

A cytochrome P450 terpenoid hydroxylase linked to the suppression of insect juvenile hormone synthesis

Distribution of Dip-allatostatin I-like immunoreactivity in the brain of the locustSchistocerca gregaria with detailed analysis of immunostaining in the central complex

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