Two New Cryptic Species of Takydromus (Squamata: Lacertidae) from Taiwan

Lue, Kuang Yang; Lin, Si Min

doi:10.1655/07-030.1

Cited by 24 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The prior settings were shown in Table S5 (Supporting Information). Among the four Lin et al (2002) and Lue & Lin (2008). models, the posterior probabilities of the early geneflow model are >0.99 under different tolerance rates (Table 3).…”

Section: Speciation With Gene Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of gene flow on divergence dating – implications for the speciation history of Takydromus grass lizards

Tseng

Hsieh

et al. 2014

Molecular Ecology

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Dating the time of divergence and understanding speciation processes are central to the study of the evolutionary history of organisms but are notoriously difficult. The difficulty is largely rooted in variations in the ancestral population size or in the genealogy variation across loci. To depict the speciation processes and divergence histories of three monophyletic Takydromus species endemic to Taiwan, we sequenced 20 nuclear loci and combined with one mitochondrial locus published in GenBank. They were analysed by a multispecies coalescent approach within a Bayesian framework. Divergence dating based on the gene tree approach showed high variation among loci, and the divergence was estimated at an earlier date than when derived by the species-tree approach. To test whether variations in the ancestral population size accounted for the majority of this variation, we conducted computer inferences using isolation-with-migration (IM) and approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) frameworks. The results revealed that gene flow during the early stage of speciation was strongly favoured over the isolation model, and the initiation of the speciation process was far earlier than the dates estimated by gene- and species-based divergence dating. Due to their limited dispersal ability, it is suggested that geographical isolation may have played a major role in the divergence of these Takydromus species. Nevertheless, this study reveals a more complex situation and demonstrates that gene flow during the speciation process cannot be overlooked and may have a great impact on divergence dating. By using multilocus data and incorporating Bayesian coalescence approaches, we provide a more biologically realistic framework for delineating the divergence history of Takydromus.

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Section: Speciation With Gene Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among endemic Takydromus species, T. viridipunctatus, T. luyeanus and T. hsuehshanensis form a clade with reciprocally monophyletic mtDNA lineages (Lin et al 2002;Lue & Lin 2008). Takydromus viridipunctatus and T. luyeanus are currently separated by the Li-Wu Stream, with a distinct and nonoverlapping distribution (Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of gene flow on divergence dating – implications for the speciation history of Takydromus grass lizards

Tseng

Hsieh

et al. 2014

Molecular Ecology

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“…Males of this sexually dimorphic species have a significantly larger head size than do females [26], which might be advantageous in contests between males or to enable them to successfully grab a female during forced copulation [27]–[31]. In breeding seasons, males display shining green spots on the sides of the body, which sometimes cover the entire lateral surface (Figure 1A).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Given its mating behaviors, we suspect that the symmetry of male head shape plays a crucial role in delivering a strong and effective copulatory bite. This species is specialized in the subtropical grassland habitats of early succession stage and is capable of forming extremely large and dense populations [26]. During a six-year (2006–2012) census of our current study population in Taiwan, several hundred individuals could be collected along a 500-meter transect during a single night, with more than 10,000 unique individuals marked over the six-year period (annual population size of 1,600 individuals; Lin, S.-M., unpublished data).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex-Specific Correlations of Individual Heterozygosity, Parasite Load, and Scalation Asymmetry in a Sexually Dichromatic Lizard

et al. 2013

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Heterozygosity-fitness correlations (HFCs) provide insights into the genetic bases of individual fitness variation in natural populations. However, despite decades of study, the biological significance of HFCs is still under debate. In this study, we investigated HFCs in a large population of the sexually dimorphic lizard Takydromus viridipunctatus (Lacertidae). Because of the high prevalence of parasitism from trombiculid mites in this lizard, we expect individual fitness (i.e., survival) to decrease with increasing parasite load. Furthermore, because morphological asymmetry is likely to influence individuals' mobility (i.e., limb asymmetry) and male biting ability during copulation (i.e., head asymmetry) in this species, we also hypothesize that individual fitness should decrease with increasing morphological asymmetry. Although we did not formally test the relationship between morphological asymmetry and fitness in this lizard, we demonstrated that survival decreased with increasing parasite load using a capture-mark-recapture data set. We used a separate sample of 140 lizards to test the correlations between individual heterozygosity (i.e., standardized mean d2 and HL based on 10 microsatellite loci) and the two fitness traits (i.e., parasite load and morphological asymmetry). We also evaluated and excluded the possibility that single-locus effects produced spurious HFCs. Our results suggest male-only, negative correlations between individual heterozygosity and parasite load and between individual heterozygosity and asymmetry, suggesting sex-specific, positive HFCs. Male T. viridipunctatus with higher heterozygosity tend to have lower parasite loads (i.e., higher survival) and lower asymmetry, providing a rare example of HFC in reptiles.

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“…Herptile taxa, with their limited dispersal ability, might be particularly sensitive to such landscapes. In recent years, several cryptic herptile species have been reported in Taiwan (Lue and Lin 2008;You et al 2015), and two tree frogs have been shown to exhibit extremely high within-island divergence (Buergeria robusta, Lin et al 2012;B. japonica, Tominaga et al 2015).…”

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confidence: 99%

Geographic variation in advertisement calls of a Microhylid frog – testing the role of drift and ecology

Lee

Shaner

Lin

et al. 2016

Ecology and Evolution

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Acoustic signals for mating are important traits that could drive population differentiation and speciation. Ecology may play a role in acoustic divergence through direct selection (e.g., local adaptation to abiotic environment), constraint of correlated traits (e.g., acoustic traits linked to another trait under selection), and/or interspecific competition (e.g., character displacement). However, genetic drift alone can also drive acoustic divergence. It is not always easy to differentiate the role of ecology versus drift in acoustic divergence. In this study, we tested the role of ecology and drift in shaping geographic variation in the advertisement calls of Microhyla fissipes. We examined three predictions based on ecological processes: (1) the correlation between temperature and call properties across M. fissipes populations; (2) the correlation between call properties and body size across M. fissipes populations; and (3) reproductive character displacement (RCD) in call properties between M. fissipes populations that are sympatric with and allopatric to a congener M. heymonsi. To test genetic drift, we examined correlations among call divergence, geographic distance, and genetic distance across M. fissipes populations. We recorded the advertisement calls from 11 populations of M. fissipes in Taiwan, five of which are sympatrically distributed with M. heymonsi. We found geographic variation in both temporal and spectral properties of the advertisement calls of M. fissipes. However, the call properties were not correlated with local temperature or the callers' body size. Furthermore, we did not detect RCD. By contrast, call divergence, geographic distance, and genetic distance between M. fissipes populations were all positively correlated. The comparisons between phenotypic Q st (P st) and F st values did not show significant differences, suggesting a role of drift. We concluded that genetic drift, rather than ecological processes, is the more likely driver for the geographic variation in the advertisement calls of M. fissipes.

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Two New Cryptic Species of Takydromus (Squamata: Lacertidae) from Taiwan

Cited by 24 publications

References 4 publications

Influence of gene flow on divergence dating – implications for the speciation history of Takydromus grass lizards

Influence of gene flow on divergence dating – implications for the speciation history of Takydromus grass lizards

Sex-Specific Correlations of Individual Heterozygosity, Parasite Load, and Scalation Asymmetry in a Sexually Dichromatic Lizard

Geographic variation in advertisement calls of a Microhylid frog – testing the role of drift and ecology

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