Two new macraucheniids (Mammalia: Litopterna) from the late middle Miocene (Laventan South American Land Mammal Age) of Quebrada Honda, Bolivia

McGrath, Andrew J.; Anaya, Federico; Croft, Darin A.

doi:10.1080/02724634.2018.1461632

Cited by 34 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…The faunal lists for La Venta, Quebrada Honda and Tinguiririca are from Croft (2016), updated based on Engelman et al (2017Engelman et al ( , 2018, Brandoni et al (2018), McGrath et al (2018, and Wyss et al (2018). The faunal list for Santa Cruz is from Kay et al (2012), and the faunal list for Rümikon is from the NOW database (http:// www.helsinki.fi/science/now/), which was downloaded on November 01, 2017.…”

Section: Faunal Listsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The faunal list for La Venta is from Croft (2016); see Kay et al (1997) for additional details. The faunal list for Quebrada Honda is from Croft (2016) with modifications based on Engelman et al (2017Engelman et al ( , 2018, Brandoni et al (2018), andMcGrath et al (2018); see also Croft and Anaya (2006), Croft, (2007, 2016, Croft et al (2011), Engelman and Croft (2014), and Engelman et al (2015). The faunal list for Santa Cruz is from Kay et al (2012); see Vizcaíno et al (2012) for additional paleobiological information.…”

Section: Appendixmentioning

confidence: 99%

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What are the best modern analogs for ancient South American mammal communities? Evidence from ecological diversity analysis (EDA)

Catena

Croft

2020

Palaeontol Electron

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Ecological diversity analysis (EDA) is a technique that uses ecological attributes of mammals to reconstruct the community structure and habitat of a fossil locality. EDAs of South American paleofaunas have generally relied on modern comparative datasets from that continent, but modern faunas from other continents may be more appropriate models considering the high-level taxonomic differences that exist between modern and fossil South American mammal communities. To test this hypothesis, we selected five, well-sampled fossil localities for which independent paleoenvironmental data (e.g., paleosols, ichnofossils) have been published: four from South America

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Section: Faunal Listsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Appendixmentioning

confidence: 99%

What are the best modern analogs for ancient South American mammal communities? Evidence from ecological diversity analysis (EDA)

Catena

Croft

2020

Palaeontol Electron

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“…During the Santacrucian, Proterotheriidae have been reported to include as many as seven genera and 13 species (Villafañe et al, 2006;Ubilla et al, 2011). In contrast, Macraucheniidae is represented by one genus with several species (Scott, 1910;Croft et al, 2004;Cassini et al, 2012;Schmidt and Ferrero, 2014;McGrath et al, 2018McGrath et al, , 2019.…”

Section: Litopterna Are Conspicuous Representatives Of Santa Cruzmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Macraucheniids comprise medium to large-sized forms with long necks, three-toed feet, and a complete dentition (3.1.4.3/3.1.4.3). In basal forms, such as Cramauchenia Ameghino, 1902 (Late Oligocene-Early Miocene; Dozo and Vera, 2010) or Theosodon Ameghino, 1887 (Early Miocenelate Middle Miocene;McGrath et al, 2018), the nasal aperture occupies an anterior position. In derived taxa such as Huayqueriana Kraglievich, 1934, Macrauchenia Owen, 1838 Xenorhinotherium Cartelle and Lessa, 1988 (Late Miocene-Late Pleistocene/Early Holocene; Schmidt and Ferrero, 2014), the nasal aperture has retreated to a centrodorsal position in the skull, between the orbits (Forasiepi et al, 2016).…”

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confidence: 99%

Litopterna (Mammalia) From the Santa Cruz Formation (Early-Middle Miocene) at the Río Santa Cruz, Southern Argentina

Schmidt

Pino

Muñoz

et al. 2020

PEAPA

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Litopterna from fossiliferous exposures of the Santa Cruz Formation (Early-Middle Miocene) along the Río Santa Cruz, Patagonia Argentina, are analyzed and described. In the prospected localities, known as Barrancas Blancas (Estancia Aguada Grande and Estancia Santa Lucía) and Segundas Barrancas Blancas (Estancia Cordón Alto and Estancia El Tordillo), specimens belonging to the families Proterotheriidae and Macraucheniidae were recorded. Within Proterotheriidae, the species Anisolophus australis, A. floweri, Tetramerorhinus lucarius, Te. cingulatum, Thoatherium minusculum and Diadiaphorus majusculus have been identified. Macraucheniidae are scarcer and represented by Theosodon sp. Although the systematics of litopterns of the Santa Cruz Formation requires a review, the new remains from the Río Santa Cruz reported here, as well as others recently recovered from the same unit in the Atlantic coast, will be valuable to clarify the taxonomy of this peculiar group of South American extinct ungulates.

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“…Litoptern relationships are based on McGrath et al [ 60 , 61 ], with families Macraucheniidae (Ma) and Proterotheriidae (Pr) indicated. Toxodontian relationships are based on Shockey et al [ 62 ], Bonini et al [ 63 ], and Armella et al [ 64 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

No evidence for parallel evolution of cursorial limb adaptations among Neogene South American native ungulates (SANUs)

Croft

Lorente²

2021

PLoS ONE

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During the Neogene, many North American ungulates evolved longer limbs. Presumably, this allowed them to move more efficiently or quickly in open habitats, which became more common during this interval. Evidence suggests that open habitats appeared even earlier in South America, but no study to date has investigated whether the ungulate-like mammals of South America (South American native ungulates or SANUs) evolved similar limb adaptations. We analyzed limb elongation in the two predominant SANU groups, notoungulates and litopterns, by compiling genus-level occurrences from the late Oligocene to the Pleistocene and calculating metatarsal/femur ratio (Mt:F). None of the groups or subgroups we analyzed show a pronounced increase in Mt:F across this interval, with the possible exception of proterotheriid litopterns. Proterotheriids are thought to have inhabited forested environments rather than open ones, which raises questions about the selective forces responsible for limb elongation in ungulates. Conversely, notoungulates, which are traditionally thought to have lived in open habitats, show no strong trend of increasing Mt:F across this interval. Our study suggests that the macroevolutionary trend of limb elongation in ungulate-like mammals is not universal and is highly influenced by the evolutionary affinities of the groups being analyzed.

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Two new macraucheniids (Mammalia: Litopterna) from the late middle Miocene (Laventan South American Land Mammal Age) of Quebrada Honda, Bolivia

Cited by 34 publications

References 44 publications

What are the best modern analogs for ancient South American mammal communities? Evidence from ecological diversity analysis (EDA)

What are the best modern analogs for ancient South American mammal communities? Evidence from ecological diversity analysis (EDA)

Litopterna (Mammalia) From the Santa Cruz Formation (Early-Middle Miocene) at the Río Santa Cruz, Southern Argentina

No evidence for parallel evolution of cursorial limb adaptations among Neogene South American native ungulates (SANUs)

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