Two New Members of the Blastocladiaceae. I. Taxonomy, with an Evaluation of Genera and Interrelationships in the Family

Emerson, Ralph; Robertson, Jack A.

doi:10.2307/2441610

Cited by 15 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Although the fossil remains are fragmentary, they resemble features evident in the sporothallus of the fossil Palaeoblastoclasia milleri Taylor et al 1994) and in extant Microallomyces dendroideus (Emerson & Robertson 1974) assigned, respectively, to Paleoblastocladiomycota and Blastocladiomycota.…”

Section: Fungimentioning

confidence: 89%

Biota and palaeoenvironment of a high middle-latitude Late Triassic peat-forming ecosystem from Hopen, Svalbard archipelago

McLoughlin

Strullu‐Derrien

2015

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A siliceous permineralized peat block recovered from Hopen in the Svalbard archipelago hosts a low-diversity Late Triassic flora dominated by autochthonous roots and stems of bennettitaleans and lycophytes, and parautochthonous leaves, sporangia, spores and pollen from a small range of pteridophytes and gymnosperms. Some parenchymatous bennettitalean root cells show interactions with chytrid fungi and bacteria; the remains of other fungi and fungi-like organisms are dispersed within the peat's detrital matrix. Cavities excavated through some roots and compacted detritus contain abundant coprolites probably derived from sapro-xylophagous oribatid mites, although no body fossils have yet been identified. Sparse larger coprolites containing leaf fragments attest to the presence of invertebrate folivores in the ancient ecosystem. The lowdiversity flora, relatively few trophic levels and simple nutritional web, together with sedimentological aspects of the host formation and the peat structure, collectively favour accumulation of the organic mass as a fibric (root-dominated) peat within a temperate (high middle-latitude), wellaerated mire.

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Section: Fungimentioning

confidence: 89%

Biota and palaeoenvironment of a high middle-latitude Late Triassic peat-forming ecosystem from Hopen, Svalbard archipelago

McLoughlin

Strullu‐Derrien

2015

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“…In their analysis of Allomyces, Blastocladia, Blastocladiopsis, Blastocladiella, and Microallomyces, Emerson and Robertson (1974) discussed several features that have been used to distinguish these genera. In their analysis of Allomyces, Blastocladia, Blastocladiopsis, Blastocladiella, and Microallomyces, Emerson and Robertson (1974) discussed several features that have been used to distinguish these genera.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, there are several species of AIlomyces that morphologically resemble thallus of Paleoblastocladia (e.g., A. arbuscula = Blastocladia strangulata of Barrett, 1912); however, Allomyces has pseudosepta while the fossil is nonseptate. For example, the thallus of Microallomyces is nonseptate and ranges from 0.5 to 1.0 mm, but when grown on nutrient agar may become almost mycelial and produce tufts up to 8.0 mm tall (Emerson and Robertson, 1974). Features shared with Paleoblastocladia include the nonseptate thallus anchored by a coarse system of rhizoids.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only one of these was found attached to a thallus (Fig. In Paleoblastocladia, the few resting sporangia are associated with sporothalli, although in some species of Allomyces resting sporangia may occur on thalli that produce either zoosporangia or gametangia (Emerson, 1941). Resting sporangia are up to 44 J,Lm in diameter and have an outer wall ornamented by small, often pentagonal to irregularly shaped depressions or pits, each less than 3 J,Lm wide (Fig.…”

Section: Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reproduction is by zoospores produced in thinwalled zoosporangia; alternation ofgenerations and sexual mechanisms have been described in a few members and occur by the fusion of iso-or anisogametes. In the production of zoospores a single posterior, whiplash flagellum, conspicuous nuclear cap, and thick-walled resistant sporangium are features that appear to unite the group (Emerson, 1941).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Early Devonian fungi: a blastocladalean fungus with sexual reproduction

Remy¹,

Taylor

Hass³

1994

American J of Botany

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In this paper we describe a fossil fungus–Paleoblastocladia milleri gen. et sp. nov.–from the 400 million‐year‐old Early Devonian Rhynie chert that shares numerous features with modern zoosporic fungi placed in the order Blastocladiales. The fungus occurs in tufts that arise from stomata or between the cuticle and epidermis of Aglaophyton major axes. Thallus development begins from an irregular bipolar basal cell that produces a system of intramatrical rhizoids and clavate‐shaped extramatrical, nonseptate hyphae. These hyphae develop into two types of mature thalli. Sporothalli are characterized by several orders of dichotomous branching and the production of terminal, globose zoosporangia, as well as thick‐walled, pitted resting sporangia. On separate dichotomously branched thalli (gametothalli) are terminal chains of two or three gametangia, in which the terminal one is slightly larger. Despite the fact that all of the reproductive organs contain either zoospores or gametes, none show evidence of discharge papillae. The fossil fungus is compared with extant members of the Blastocladiales, and the presence of sexual reproduction is discussed.

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Identification and Phylogenetic Implications of Fatty Acids and Sterols in Three Genera of Aquatic Phycomycetes

Southall

Motta

Patterson

1977

American J of Botany

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Allomyces macrogynus, A. arbuscula, A. javanicus, Allomyces male and female hybrid strains, Blastocladia ramosa and Monoblepharella sp. were examined for their fatty acid and sterol compositions by GLC and combined GLC/MS. All the organisms produce a range of fatty acids 12 to 20 carbon atoms in length. Palmitic, stearic, and arachidic acid represent the highest concentrations of saturated fatty acids; oleic, linoleic, and arachidonic acid the highest unsaturated fatty acids. B. ramosa synthesizes only two polyunsaturates, linoleic and linolenic, but Allomyces and Monoblepharella are capable of desaturation as far as arachidonic acid. Cholesterol is produced by all the isolates and is the dominant sterol in Allomyces. 24‐Methyl and 24‐ethyl derivatives of cholesterol are the dominant sterols of Monoblepharella. B. ramosa contains a more complex sterol mixture representing changes which occur in the formation of cholesterol from lanosterol: 24‐dihydrolanosterol, 14α‐methyl Δ8‐cholestenol, Δ8(9)‐cholestenol, 14α‐methyl Δ7‐cholestenol, Δ7‐cholestenol and cholesterol. Δ7‐cholestenol, 24‐dihydrolanosterol, and 14α‐methyl Δ8‐choIestenol appear to be the major components. This is the first time that 14α‐methyl Δ8 and 14α‐methyl Δ7‐cholestenol have been reported as naturally occurring sterols.

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Two New Members of the Blastocladiaceae. I. Taxonomy, with an Evaluation of Genera and Interrelationships in the Family

Cited by 15 publications

References 9 publications

Biota and palaeoenvironment of a high middle-latitude Late Triassic peat-forming ecosystem from Hopen, Svalbard archipelago

Biota and palaeoenvironment of a high middle-latitude Late Triassic peat-forming ecosystem from Hopen, Svalbard archipelago

Early Devonian fungi: a blastocladalean fungus with sexual reproduction

Identification and Phylogenetic Implications of Fatty Acids and Sterols in Three Genera of Aquatic Phycomycetes

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