The Neotropical diving beetle genus Hydrodessus J. Balfour-Browne, 1953 (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae: Hydroporinae: Bidessini) is revised. Thirty species are recognized. The following new species are described: Hydrodessus
bimaculatus
sp. n. (Venezuela), Hydrodessus
brevis
sp. n. (Venezuela), Hydrodessus
concolorans
sp. n. (Venezuela), Hydrodessus
continuus
sp. n. (Venezuela), Hydrodessus
disjunctus
sp. n. (Suriname), Hydrodessus
fasciatus
sp. n. (Brazil), Hydrodessus
imparilis
sp. n. (Ecuador), Hydrodessus
keithi
sp. n. (Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador), Hydrodessus
kurti
sp. n. (Suriname), Hydrodessus
kylei
sp. n. (Suriname, Venezuela), Hydrodessus
laetus
sp. n. (Venezuela), Hydrodessus
latotibialis
sp. n. (Peru), Hydrodessus
maculatus
sp. n. (Guyana, Venezuela), Hydrodessus
morsus
sp. n. (Venezuela), Hydrodessus
palus
sp. n. (Venezuela), and Hydrodessus
tenuatus
sp. n. (Suriname). The following new synonyms are established: Hydrodessus
fragrans Spangler, 1985 = Hydrodessus
biguttatus (Guignot, 1957) syn. n. and Hydrodessus
robinae Spangler, 1985 = Hydrodessus
octospilus (Guignot, 1957), syn. n. One species is transferred from Hydrodessus to Amarodytes Régimbart, Amarodytes
soekhnandanae (Makhan, 1994), comb. n. Habitus photographs (dorsal and lateral) and photos of the ventral surfaces are provided for most species. Line drawings of male and female genitalia and other diagnostic features are also provided along with distribution maps.