Two new species of Myxobolus (Myxozoa: Myxosporea: Bivalvulida) infecting Indian freshwater fishes in Punjab Wetlands (India)

Abstract

A survey of parasites of freshwater fishes in Harike and Ropar Wetlands of Punjab (India) revealed the presence of two new myxosporean species belonging to the genus Myxobolus Butschli 1882. Spores of the first species, M. duodenalis sp. nov. parasitize the inner wall of the duodenum of Wallago attu (Bloch and Schneider) (Cypriniformis: Cyprinidae) vern. mulli are characterized by a broad, pyriform shape with a blunt anterior end and measures 9.0 × 3.20 μm. Spore valves are thin, smooth, and symmetrical with no parietal folds. There are two polar capsules, prominently unequal and pyriform in shape, with a narrow anterior end and a rounded posterior end. The larger polar capsule measures 4.70 × 1.76 μm and the smaller 2.76 × 1.06 μm. The larger polar capsule occupies more than half, while the smaller one occupies one third of the spore body cavity. An intercapsular process is absent. Spores of the second species, Myxobolus patialensis sp. nov. parasitize the caudal fin of Labeo rohita (Ham. 1822) (Cypriniformis: Cyprinidae) vern. rohu are pyriform in valvular view, measuring 11.28 × 6.67 μm. The two shell valves are asymmetrical and contain five parietal folds along the posterior end of the spore. Two anteriorly situated polar capsules, elongated and oval in shape are prominently unequal in size. The larger polar capsule measures 4.8 × 3.1 μm and smaller one 1.70 × 1.51 μm. The larger polar capsule lies obliquely to the spore axis and the smaller one is at the same level but pointing outward anteriolaterally. An intercapsular process is absent. This species is characterized by having a prominent ridge on the shell surface anteriolaterally on the side of the smaller polar capsule.

Three novel myxobolid species of genera Henneguya and Myxobolus (Myxosporea: Bivalvulida) from marine fish in Japan

“…However, in 2005, Lom and Dyková (2006) counted 204 nominal species for this genus. Similarly, the genus Myxobolus has been reported to contain at least 744 nominal species (Eiras et al 2005) or 792 nominal species (Lom and Dyková 2006), with, to the best of our knowledge, additional records of approximately 40 new species since the publication of the synopsis by Eiras et al in 2005 (e.g., Kaur and Singh 2011;U-taynapum et al 2011). Thus, myxobolids of these two genera, Myxobolus and Henneguya, represent the first and second largest groups in the Myxozoa, respectively, with more than 2,200 species in total (Lom and Dyková 2006).…”

Gill Disease Caused by Thelohanellus bifurcata Basu and Haldar, 1999 a Pathogenic Myxozoan Parasite in Cultured Indian Carp, Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822) in Punjab, India

“…Gill and dermal lesions due to myxozoan infection have been reported in many states of India (Chakravarty, 1939;Gupta and Khera, 1989;Padma Dorthy and Kalavati, 1992;Kalavati and Vaidehi, 1992;Mohan and Shanker, 1995;Kalavati and Nandi, 2007;Dar, 2013;Kaur et al, 2013). Besides this, many species of myxosporean parasites were recorded from freshwater fishes of wetlands of Punjab (Kaur and Singh, 2008, 2010a, 2010b, 2011a, 2011b, 2011c, 2011d, 2011e, 2011f, 2012a, 2012bSingh, 2011). In Punjab, the aquaculture is an upcoming practice being taken up by many farmers as the natural stock declined and representing it as the fastest growing animal husbandry.…”

Myxozoan infection in the muscle layer of the intestine of Rhamdia quelen from the Amazon River Basin, Brazil

“…were pyriform in shape (Table 1), similar to those of M. miyairii, M. duodenalis (KAUR & SING, 2011) and M. cunhai (PENIDO, 1927), but distinct from the ovoid spores of M. nodulointestinalis (MASOUMIAN et al, 1996) and the spherical ones of M. bivacuolatus (NARASIMHAMURTI & KALAVATI, 1986). Spores of Myxobolus sp.…”