Two new species of paratanaoid tanaidaceans of the family incertae sedis &lt;br /&gt;(Crustacea: Peracarida) from polymetallic nodule fields in the eastern &lt;br /&gt;Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone

Chim, C. K.; Tong, Samantha Jia Wen

doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4758.3.3

Cited by 708 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…An interesting example is rose bengal, a halogenated fluorescein derivative which has the capacity to bind cellular components as well, but in the presence of abundant extracellular carbohydrate material binds mostly to it. In the taxonomy of deep-sea Peracarida, its main use is for transient staining of (usually formaldehyde-fixed) mixed material to aid in visual sorting (due to its strong color) (Hegna, 2010), but its fluorescent properties allow it also to be used in whole-body fluorescence microscopy (Chim and Tong, 2020). 2) Carbohydrate-specific dyes, mostly taken over from the textile industry.…”

Section: Fluorescence Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In that regard, morphological techniques used in deep-sea taxonomy did not stand still, but are constantly being further developed or have been introduced as new applications. For example, Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM) was originally developed in the 1950s to map the anatomy of the human nervous system and is now increasingly being used for the taxonomic analysis of microscopic invertebrates in the deep sea (Michels and Büntzow, 2010;Brandt et al, 2014;Meißner et al, 2017;Martıńez Arbizu and Petrunina, 2018;Jennings et al, 2018;Kaiser et al, 2018;Błazėwicz et al, 2019;Chim and Tong, 2020;Kaiser et al, 2021;Demidov et al, 2021). 3-D visualizations of internal structures are reconstructed from histological sections (Neusser et al, 2016;Bober et al, 2018;Gooday et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Challenges and Advances in the Taxonomy of Deep-Sea Peracarida: From Traditional to Modern Methods

Frutos

Kaiser²,

Pułaski³

et al. 2022

Front. Mar. Sci.

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As one of the oldest branches of biology, taxonomy deals with the identification, classification and naming of living organisms, using a variety of tools to explore traits at the morphological and molecular level. In the deep sea, particular challenges are posed to the taxonomic differentiation of species. Relatively limited sampling effort coupled with apparent high diversity, compared to many other marine environments, means that many species sampled are undescribed, and few specimens are available for each putative species. The resulting scarce knowledge of intraspecific variation makes it difficult to recognize species boundaries and thus to assess the actual diversity and distribution of species. In this review article, we highlight some of these challenges in deep-sea taxonomy using the example of peracarid crustaceans. Specifically, we offer a detailed overview of traditional as well as modern methods that are used in the taxonomic analysis of deep-sea Peracarida. Furthermore, methods are presented that have not yet been used in peracarid taxonomy, but have potential for the analysis of internal and external structures in the future. The focus of this compilation is on morphological methods for the identification, delimitation and description of species, with references to molecular analysis included where relevant, as these methods are an indispensable part of an integrative taxonomic approach. The taxonomic impediment, i.e. the shortage of taxonomists in view of a high undescribed biodiversity, is discussed in the context of the existing large taxonomic knowledge gaps in connection with the increasing threat to deep-sea ecosystems. Whilst peracarid crustaceans are used here as an exemplary taxon, the methodology described has broad relevance to many other deep-sea taxa, and thus will support broader research into deep-sea biodiversity and ecology more widely.

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Section: Fluorescence Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges and Advances in the Taxonomy of Deep-Sea Peracarida: From Traditional to Modern Methods

Frutos

Kaiser²,

Pułaski³

et al. 2022

Front. Mar. Sci.

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“…Polychaetes and crustaceans together can represent up to 79% of the absolute sampled organisms (Hessler and Jumars 1974;Wilson 2017). More than 500 macrofaunal morphospecies, including polychaetes, isopods, tanaidaceans, and ophiuroids have been documented in different studies of the CCFZ (Paterson et al 1998;Glover et al 2002;Wilson 2017;Bonif acio et al 2019;Janssen et al 2019Janssen et al , 2015Błażewicz et al 2019b;Christodoulou et al 2020), but very few have been formally described (Riehl et al 2014;Paterson et al 2016;Bonifacio and Menot 2019;Jakiel et al 2019;Wiklund et al 2019;Chim and Tong 2020;Riehl and De Smet 2020).…”

Section: The Ccfz Nodule Province and Its Associated Faunamentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward a reliable assessment of potential ecological impacts of deep‐sea polymetallic nodule mining on abyssal infauna

Lins

Zeppilli

Menot

et al. 2021

Limnology & Ocean Methods

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The increasing demand for metals is pushing forward the progress of deep-sea mining industry. The abyss between the Clarion and Clipperton Fracture Zones (CCFZ), a region holding a higher concentration of minerals than land deposits, is the most targeted area for the exploration of polymetallic nodules worldwide, which may likely disturb the seafloor across large areas and over many years. Effects from nodule extraction cause acute biodiversity loss of organisms inhabiting sediments and polymetallic nodules. Attention to deep-sea ecosystems and their services has to be considered before mining starts but the lack of basic scientific knowledge on the methodologies for the ecological surveys of fauna in the context of deep-sea mining impacts is still scarce. We review the methodology to sample, process and investigate metazoan infauna both inhabiting sediments and nodules dwelling on these polymetallic-nodule areas. We suggest effective procedures for sampling designs, devices and methods involving gear types, sediment processing, morphological and genetic identification including metabarcoding and proteomic fingerprinting, the assessment of biomass, functional traits, fatty acids, and stable isotope studies within the CCFZ based on both first-hand experiences and literature. We recommend multi-and boxcorers for the quantitative assessments of meio-and macrofauna, respectively. The assessment of biodiversity at species level should be focused and/or the combination of morphological with metabarcoding or proteomic fingerprinting techniques. We highlight that biomass, functional traits, and trophic markers may provide critical insights for biodiversity assessments and how statistical modeling facilitates predicting patterns spatially across point-source data and is essential for conservation management.

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Community structure of deep-sea benthic metazoan meiofauna in the polymetallic nodule fields in the eastern Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone, Pacific Ocean

Tong

Gan²,

Tan³

2022

Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers

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Two new species of paratanaoid tanaidaceans of the family incertae sedis <br />(Crustacea: Peracarida) from polymetallic nodule fields in the eastern <br />Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone

Cited by 708 publications

References 7 publications

Challenges and Advances in the Taxonomy of Deep-Sea Peracarida: From Traditional to Modern Methods

Challenges and Advances in the Taxonomy of Deep-Sea Peracarida: From Traditional to Modern Methods

Toward a reliable assessment of potential ecological impacts of deep‐sea polymetallic nodule mining on abyssal infauna

Community structure of deep-sea benthic metazoan meiofauna in the polymetallic nodule fields in the eastern Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone, Pacific Ocean

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