Two parameter optimization methods of multi-point geostatistics

Wang, Xixin; Yu, Siyu; Li, Shaohua; Zhang, Naidan

doi:10.1016/j.petrol.2021.109724

Cited by 41 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Problems often need to be considered comprehensively in geological research [32]. Rock-Eval pyrolysis, extraction of chloroform asphalt "A", and GC-MS are always used to study the maturity, kerogen types, and hydrocarbon generation ability of source rock samples [33], and we also used Laser Raman spectrum experiment and GC-MS to study the maturity and provenance of reservoir bitumen.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Source Rocks and Formation of Reservoir Bitumen in Yinchuan Graben, Ordos Basin, China

Liu

Yao³

et al. 2022

Energies

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The Yinchuan Graben is an important potential exploration area that is located on the western margin of the Ordos Basin. Over 8000 m of Cenozoic strata have been formed since the Cretaceous. With an integrated approach of cores observation, logging analysis, and geochemical analysis, we analyzed the characteristics of the Cenozoic source rocks in the Yinchuan Graben and determined the formation and destruction of the fossil oil reservoirs. With type III kerogen, the TOC of the dark mudstone in the Qingshuiying Formation is up to 7.5%, and the Ro is 0.95–1.04%, indicating the source rocks have entered the mature stage but the hydrocarbon generation potential is insufficient. A quantity of reservoir bitumen and oil-bearing fluid inclusions (GOI = 1.67–4%) were found in the Qingshuiying Formation sandstone in Well YQ-1, which indicates a fossil oil reservoir had existed. The fossil oil reservoir and reservoir bitumen were generated by the unexplored pre-Cenozoic strata in the Yinchuan Graben. The reservoir bitumen has high maturity and is associated with many fluid inclusions with a high homogenization temperature or CO2. This indicates that the bitumen was formed by the pyrolysis of the oil which was caused by the hot fluid migrating along with the deep fault belts.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Source Rocks and Formation of Reservoir Bitumen in Yinchuan Graben, Ordos Basin, China

Liu

Yao³

et al. 2022

Energies

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“…Since the 3D model coordinates of fracture vertices have been obtained, the distance between two adjacent vertices on a single fracture can be calculated in turn, and the sum is the length of the fracture. In addition, we fit the direction of the fracture vertex set to identify the precise orientation of the fracture using the principal component analysis approach described in the literature [57,58]. The characteristic parameters of cavities distribution include quantity, density, total area, and average area.…”

Section: Automated 3d Statistical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

3D Quantitative Characterization of Fractures and Cavities in Digital Outcrop Texture Model Based on Lidar

et al. 2022

Self Cite

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The combination of lidar and digital photography provides a new technology for creating a high-resolution 3D digital outcrop model. The digital outcrop model can accurately and conveniently depict the surface 3D properties of an outcrop profile, making up for the shortcomings of traditional outcrop research techniques. However, the advent of digital outcrop poses additional challenges to the 3D spatial analysis of virtual outcrop models, particularly in the interpretation of geological characteristics. In this study, the detailed workflow of automated interpretation of geological characteristics of fractures and cavities on a 3D digital outcrop texture model is described. Firstly, advanced automatic image analysis technology is used to detect the 2D contour of the fractures and cavities in the picture. Then, to obtain an accurate representation of the 3D structure of the fractures and cavities on the digital outcrop model, a projection method for converting 2D coordinates to 3D space based on geometric transformations such as affine transformation and linear interpolation is proposed. Quantitative data on the size, shape, and distribution of geological features are calculated using this information. Finally, a novel and comprehensive automated 3D quantitative characterization technique for fractures and cavities on the 3D digital outcrop texture model is developed. The proposed technology has been applied to the 3D mapping and quantitative characterization of fractures and cavities on the outcrop profile for the Dengying Formation (second member), providing a foundation for profile reservoir appraisal in the research region. Furthermore, this approach may be extended to the 3D characterization and analysis of any point, line, and surface objects derived from outcrop photos, hence increasing the application value of the 3D digital outcrop model.

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“…There are significant distinctions in lithology, logging characteristics of different sand bodies, and the geometrical shape of sand bodies in horizontal and vertical [18][19][20]. According to the sand body thickness map (Figure 5), it is found that the sand body was generally distributed in concentrated and contiguous pieces, and mud sedimentation was less.…”

Section: Distribution Characteristics Of Sand Bodymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Identification and Reservoir Architecture Characterization of Wandering Braided River in Nanpu 1-29 Area, Bohai Bay Basin

et al. 2022

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Nanpu 1-29 Area of Jidong Oilfield in China is currently in the stage of high water cut and low recovery degree. The remaining oil development and adjustment are difficult because of the complex reservoir heterogeneity and the lack of analysis of the reservoir architecture due to the unclear river type. This study first used sedimentary background, granularity, core, and sand body distribution to determine the river type and believed it belongs to the wandering braided river. Combined with core and logging data, four types of sedimentary architectural elements were found in the study area, namely, channel bar, braided channel, floodplain, and basalt. Based on the scale measurement of many similar modern wandering braided rivers, core data, and empirical formulas, the scales of the braided rivers were determined. The quantitative relationships among the scale of the braided river, the channel bar, and the braided channel were established. With this constraint, the reservoir architecture was anatomized. The results showed two filling types of the braided channels, including sandy filling and muddy filling. The combination patterns of the channel bars and the braided channels could be divided into three types, namely, superimposed, standalone, and contact, and the contact type was the primary type. On the whole, it showed the geometric morphological characteristics of the flat top convex at the bottom of the channel bar and the flat bottom convex at the top of the braided river channel. A careful measure of the architectural element was executed. The length of the single braided flow belts was 365.16-1349.72 m, and the width was 270.57-1160.54 m. The channel bar’s length was distributed 158.89-318.32 m, and the width was distributed 75.97-116.41 m. The braided river’s width was distributed 16.81-180.05 m. The length and width ratio of the channel bar was concentrated between 2 and 4, which manifested wide bar and narrow river channel mode. Finally, the static distribution model and dynamic response curve were compared to verify the correctness of the reservoir architecture characteristics to guide the subsequent development of the oilfield.

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Two parameter optimization methods of multi-point geostatistics

Cited by 41 publications

References 18 publications

Characteristics of Source Rocks and Formation of Reservoir Bitumen in Yinchuan Graben, Ordos Basin, China

Characteristics of Source Rocks and Formation of Reservoir Bitumen in Yinchuan Graben, Ordos Basin, China

3D Quantitative Characterization of Fractures and Cavities in Digital Outcrop Texture Model Based on Lidar

The Identification and Reservoir Architecture Characterization of Wandering Braided River in Nanpu 1-29 Area, Bohai Bay Basin

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