Two‐photon optical imaging, spectral and fluorescence lifetime analysis to discriminate urothelial carcinoma grades

Abstract

In the framework of urologic oncology, mini-invasive procedures have increased in the last few decades particularly for urothelial carcinoma. One of the essential elements in the management of this disease is still the diagnosis, which strongly influences the choice of treatment. The histopathologic evaluation of the tumor grade is a keystone of diagnosis, and tumor characterization is not possible with just a macroscopic evaluation. Even today intraoperative evaluation remains difficult despite the emergence of new technologies which use exogenous fluorophore. This study assessed an optical multimodal technique based on endogenous fluorescence, combining qualitative and quantitative analysis, for the diagnostic of urothelial carcinoma. It was found that the combination of two-photon fluorescence, second harmonic generation microscopy, spectral analysis and fluorescence lifetime imaging were all able to discriminate tumor from healthy tissue, and to determine the grade of tumors. Spectral analysis of fluorescence intensity and the redox ratio used as quantitative evaluations showed statistical differences between low-grade and high-grade tumors. These results showed that multimodal optical analysis is a promising technology for the development of an optical fiber setup designed for an intraoperative diagnosis of urothelial carcinoma in the area of endo-urology.

Multimodal Analysis of Central Nervous System Tumor Tissue Endogenous Fluorescence With Multiscale Excitation

“…On each image the same five ROI as for spectral measurements were selected, and on each ROI the fluorescence decay histogram was bi-exponentially fitted. The amplitude average lifetime was extracted from this fit using a method previously published on bladder tumor [16]. The second implemented method used a non-fitting process, called phasor analysis.…”

Foreword to microcrystalline pathologies: combining clinical activity and fundamental research at the nanoscale

“…Note that our research is not limited to pathological calcifications. We also participate in other research fields (Figure 9), namely the nephrotoxicity of Pt anticancer drugs [269,270], the vectorisation of drugs through "quantum rattle-gold quantum dots" (QR-AuQDs) [271], Wilson's disease (WD) which is a result of copper accumulation [272], urothelial carcinoma grades [273], and TiO 2 particles at hair surfaces [168]. In this research, we take advantage of our previous investigations using µX-ray fluorescence on trace elements in kidney stones and in tissues.…”

Application of artificial neural networks for automated analysis of cystoscopic images: a review of the current status and future prospects

“…Multiphoton microscopy (MPM) uses a laser-scanning microscope and simultaneously absorbs two near-infrared photons (700-800 nm) based on the autofluorescence of cells and extracellular components with intrinsic tissue fluorophores, such as flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) to provide information on cellular metabolic activity [23]. Pradère et al recently assessed an optical multimodal technique on samples of patients suspected of having BCa and found that it was able to discriminate tumor from healthy tissue and determine the grade of tumors [24]. However, when MPM is used alone, it is limited by its shallow penetration and the difficulty to recognize intranuclear modifications.…”