Two-proton small-angle correlations in central heavy-ion collisions: A beam-energy- and system-size-dependent study

Kötte, R.; Alard, J. P.; Andronic, A.; Barret, V.; Basrak, Z.; Bastid, N.; Benabderrahmane, M. L.; Čaplar, R.; Cordier, E.; Crochet, P.; Dupieux, P.; Dželalija, M.; Fodor, Z.; Gašparić, I.; Gobbi, A.; Grishkin, Y.; Hartmann, O.; Herrmann, N.; Hildenbrand, K. D.; Hong, B.; Kecskeméti, J.; Kim, Y. J.; Kirejczyk, M.; Koczoń, P.; Korolija, M.; Kress, T.; Lebedev, A.; Leifels, Y.; Lopez, X.; Merschmeyer, M.; Mösner, J.; Neubert, W.; Pelte, D.; Petrovici, M.; Rami, F.; Reisdorf, W.; Schauenburg, B. de; Schüttauf, A.; Seres, Z.; Sikora, B.; Sim, K. S.; Simion, V.; Siwek‐Wilczyńska, K.; Smolyankin, V.; Stoicea, G.; Tymiński, Z.; Wagner, P.; Wiśniewski, K.; Wohlfarth, D.; Zhang, Xiao; Yushmanov, Y.; Zhilin, A.

doi:10.1140/epja/i2004-10075-y

Cited by 30 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…5) and the degree of pionization. An idea of the freeze-out volume can be obtained from two-particle correlations [151], or even multi-particle correlations [152,153]. All this is a rather challenging task.…”

Section: Correlation Between Stopping and Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematics of stopping and flow in Au+ Au collisions

et al. 2006

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Section: Correlation Between Stopping and Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematics of stopping and flow in Au+ Au collisions

et al. 2006

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“…In previous proton-proton correlation analyses of experiments conducted by the FOPI collaboration [14][15][16][17] an enhanced coincidence yield at very low relative angles was observed. It was traced back to coincident signals from neighbouring plastic scintillation strips of the timeof-flight wall which were generated by the same charged particle.…”

Section: The Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…This finding lets us argue that the proton source density distribution is not really spherical and of Gaussian shape as assumed in the model. Obviously, the dynamics of heavy-ion collisions at finite impact parameters leads to a temporal superposition of quite complex spatial shapes [17].…”

Section: Source Radii For Lvl1 Eventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Following the almost linear dependence down to A part = 1, we deduce a lower limit of the Gaussian pp correlation radius of about (0.36 ± 0.45) fm (statistical error given). A very similar, almost linear, dependence on A [35], MSU [36], Plastic Ball [37], FOPI [14][15][16][17], E895 [38,39] [35], LBL magnetic spectrometer [40], LBL streamer chamber [41], BNL experiments E802 [42], E895 [43,39], E877 [44].…”

Section: Comparison To Other Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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pp and ππ intensity interferometry in collisions of Ar+KCl at 1.76A GeV

Agakishiev¹,

Bałanda²,

Bannier³

et al. 2011

Eur. Phys. J. A

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Abstract. Results on pp, π+ π + , and π − π − intensity interferometry are reported for collisions of Ar+KCl at 1.76A GeV beam energy, studied with the High Acceptance Di-Electron Spectrometer (HADES) at SIS18/GSI. The experimental correlation functions as a function of the relative momentum are compared to model calculations allowing the determination of the space-time extent of the corresponding emission sources. The ππ source radii are found significantly larger than the pp emission radius. The present radii do well complement the beam-energy dependences of Gaussian source radii of the collision system of size A + A 40 + 40. The pp source radius at fixed beam energy is found to increase linearly with the cube root of the number of participants. From this trend, a lower limit of the pp correlation radius is deduced.

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“…Other correlations (usually called non-flow), such as small-angle correlations due to final state interactions and quantum sta- * Electronic address: nicole.bastid@clermont.in2p3.fr tistical effects [7], correlations due to resonance decays [8] and mini-jet production [9] are neglected. In recent years, several alternative techniques were introduced, in which non-flow correlations can be unraveled.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

First analysis of anisotropic flow with Lee–Yang zeros

Bastid¹,

Andronic²,

Barret³

et al. 2005

Phys. Rev. C

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We report on the first analysis of directed and elliptic flow with the new method of Lee-Yang zeroes. Experimental data are presented for Ru+Ru reactions at 1.69A GeV measured with the FOPI detector at SIS/GSI. The results obtained with several methods, based on the event-plane reconstruction, on Lee-Yang zeroes, and on multi-particle cumulants (up to 5th order) applied for the first time at SIS energies, are compared. They show conclusive evidence that azimuthal correlations between nucleons and composite particles at this energy are largely dominated by anisotropic flow. The study of collective flow in relativistic heavy ion reactions is of great interest since it is expected to shed light on our knowledge about the properties of hot and dense nuclear matter and the underlying equation of state (EoS) [1]. As pointed out early on, nuclear collective flow is also influenced by the momentum-dependent interactions and the in-medium nucleon-nucleon cross section [2,3]. Both effects play a crucial role in the determination of the EoS and cannot be neglected at intermediate energies. In this regard both directed and elliptic flow are a field of intense experimental and theoretical researches (see [4] and references therein).Most flow analyses, based either on the reaction plane reconstruction (the so-called event-plane method) [5] or on two-particle azimuthal correlations [6] rely on the assumption that the only correlations are those stemming from the existence of the reaction plane. Other correlations (usually called non-flow), such as small-angle correlations due to final state interactions and quantum sta- * Electronic address: nicole.bastid@clermont.in2p3.fr tistical effects [7], correlations due to resonance decays [8] and mini-jet production [9] are neglected. In recent years, several alternative techniques were introduced, in which non-flow correlations can be unraveled. The cumulant method is based on a cumulant expansion of multiparticle (typically four particles) correlations [10], which eliminates most of non-flow correlations. It has been applied at ultra-relativistic energies, at RHIC and SPS for directed and elliptic flow studies and also for higher harmonic measurements [11,12,13,14,15]. More recently, a new method based on an analogy with the Lee-Yang theory of phase transitions [16], where flow is extracted directly from the genuine correlation between a large number of particles, has been proposed [17,18,19]. This method is expected to provide the cleanest separation between flow and non-flow effects.We present the first analysis of collective flow using the new method of Lee-Yang zeroes. The cumulant method is also applied, for the first time at SIS energies. A comparison with results obtained with the event-plane method is performed. We are thus able to check for the first time the validity of standard methods at SIS energies, by investigating possible contributions of correla-

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Two-proton small-angle correlations in central heavy-ion collisions: A beam-energy- and system-size-dependent study

Cited by 30 publications

References 43 publications

Systematics of stopping and flow in Au+ Au collisions

Systematics of stopping and flow in Au+ Au collisions

pp and ππ intensity interferometry in collisions of Ar+KCl at 1.76A GeV

First analysis of anisotropic flow with Lee–Yang zeros

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