Two seasons of tick paralysis in Victoria yet one season in Queensland and New South Wales, Australia

Teo, Ernest J.M.; Arganda, Alexa; Webster, Robert G.; Yappa, Amanda; Barker, Dayana; Barker, Stephen C.

doi:10.1016/j.ijpara.2022.10.004

Cited by 5 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The raw data for our study were the veterinary consultations ( VC ) undertaken by emergency veterinary hospitals in South East Queensland and the Northern Beaches of Sydney 7 . Because we wanted to study the prevalence of cases of TP , data from Cairns, Innisfail and surrounding postcodes, the Scenic Rim, and from the Shire of East Gippsland in Victoria of Teo et al 7,21 were not studied in the present paper because these data were incomplete.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We collectively refer to all consultations, regardless of diagnosis and/or treatments administered as ‘veterinary consultations’. We extracted from the data, the cases of TP , from the clinical notes of the consulting‐veterinarian and/or the administration of tick‐antiserum by the consulting‐veterinarian 7 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Weeks that had ≥50% of the peak prevalence of that year were classified as ‘high tick‐prevalence’ weeks whereas weeks that had <50% of the peak prevalence were classified as ‘low tick‐prevalence’. Groups of weeks that had ‘high tick‐prevalence’ were interpreted as a season of TP 7 . If weeks with ‘high tick‐prevalence’ were separated by ≤3 weeks of ‘low tick‐prevalence’, we regarded those weeks as a single season.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If untreated, tick paralysis ( TP ) generally leads to the paralysis of respiratory muscles and/or cardiopulmonary dysfunction, which usually results in the death of the dog or cat 6 . Each year, thousands of dogs and cats along the eastern coast of Australia present with clinical signs of TP caused by the feeding of I. holocyclus 7 . A cornerstone of the management of TP in dogs and cats, in veterinary clinics and hospitals, is treatment with tick‐antisera 8,9 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A cornerstone of the management of TP in dogs and cats, in veterinary clinics and hospitals, is treatment with tick‐antisera 8,9 . Even with treatment with tick‐antisera however, about 10% of dogs and 8% of cats die due to complications arising from TP 7 …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The weather determines the number of cases of tick paralysis in dogs and cats in eastern Australia, caused by Ixodes holocyclus, the eastern paralysis tick

Teo,

Russell,

Lambert

et al. 2023

Aust Veterinary J

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We studied over 222,000 cases of emergency veterinary consultations in four regions along the eastern coast of Australia. We found that cases of tick paralysis (TP) caused by the eastern paralysis tick, Ixodes holocyclus, accounted for 7.5% of these cases: >16,000 cases. The season of TP and the number (prevalence) of TP cases varied among regions and over the years. Our study of the association between weather and (i) the start of the season of TP, and (ii) the number of TP cases revealed much about the intricate relationship between the weather and I. holocyclus. We studied the effect of the hypothetical availability of isoxazoline‐containing tick‐preventative medicines and found that an increase in the availability of these medicines had significantly contributed to the decrease in TP cases. We found that the weather in winter accounted for the time of the year the season of TP starts whereas the weather in summer accounted for the number of TP cases in the TP season. Last, through a study of the effects of shifts in the climate under four hypothetical scenarios (warmer/cooler and drier/wetter than average), we propose that the start of the season of TP depends on how soon the weather in winter becomes suitable for the activity (e.g. host‐seeking) and the development of I. holocyclus nymphs, and that the number of TP cases during the TP season depends on how many engorged female ticks and their eggs survive during summer.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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