Two Sides of Electrospun Fiber in Promoting and Inhibiting Biomedical Processes

Abstract

Electrospinning is a versatile technique for generating ultrathin fibers, which is widely applied in various biomedical applications. The properties and structures of the fibers are specifically engineered to meet the needs of particular applications. The impact of nanofibrous scaffolds on biological processes is related to the promotion or inhibition of specific cell or bioactive substance functions. Here, a novel analysis of the diverse roles of electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds is provided and recent advances in exploiting their binary attributes for applications in biomedicine are summarized. This review initially introduces the development techniques for electrospinning, specifically the engineering of electrospun nanofibers. Then, scaffold applications for cell migration, adhesion, proliferation, and accelerating regeneration in cardiac, nerve, skeletal muscle, bone tissue, and wound healing are presented. Moreover, their inhibitory properties in cancer treatments, antibacterial applications, anti‐adhesion, anti‐scarring, and inhibition of thrombus formation are summarized. Eventually, the potential for future work using multifunctional, electrospun, nanofibrous scaffolds, in order to further inspire the development of scaffolds for biomedical treatments is summarized and discussed.

Fabrication and Facile Surface Derivatization of Poly(ε‐caprolactone)‐Based Wound Dressing Materials Imparting Anti‐Infective, Excessive Biofluid Drainage, and Easy‐to‐Peel Characteristics

“…[22] Several 3D porous materials, such as gauze, foam, electrospun fibers, etc., have been developed toward this purpose, as porous dressings offer a high surface-to-volume ratio and adequate porosity for gas permeation, besides being amenable to incorporating desired therapeutic agents. [23][24][25][26] In the recent past, traditional dressing materials loaded with antibiotics, including triclosan, [27] doxycycline hyclate, [28] norfloxacin, [28] minocycline, [29] and ciprofloxacin, [30] [31] have been developed to combat the infectious microorganisms at the wound site. However, currently, there is vast attention on developing antibiotic-free dressing materials since prolonged or improper usage of antibiotics can cause antimicrobial resistance (AMR), which is estimated to have resulted in 1.27 million deaths in 2019 across the globe.…”

An anti-inflammatory chondroitin sulfate-poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) composite electrospinning membrane for postoperative abdominal adhesion prevention

“…Electrospinning is a common method for manufacturing nanofibers for anti-adhesion, drug release, tissue engineering, and so on. [45][46][47][48] In this work, we designed a PLGA electrospun membrane loaded with chondroitin sulfate (CS) to prevent postoperative abdominal adhesion. The PLGA membrane mainly prevented the connection between damaged tissues and surrounding organs, playing a role of mechanical support.…”

An Overview on the Recent Advances in the Treatment of Infected Wounds: Antibacterial Wound Dressings

“…Drug can be encapsulated in the core or the shell, however, in special cases where the drug is loaded into the core, it is protected against destructive solvents in the shell, and accordingly it will have a slower release rate. [73,74] The core-shell drug delivery system has more advantages than the conventional forms of drug delivery. Advantages of using the core-shell drug delivery systems include prolonging the biological activity of the drug, reducing the number of times and dosage of a drug, enabling targeted drug release which is dependent on environmental factors and, also, reducing the side effects and sustained release of drug within the body.…”