Two-stage acid-catalyzed fractionation of lignocellulosic biomass in aqueous ethanol systems at low temperatures

Papatheofanous, M.G.; Billa, Evaggeli; Koullas, D.P.; Monties, Bernard; Koukios, Emmanuel G.

doi:10.1016/0960-8524(95)00152-2

Cited by 68 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…, cellulose, hemicellulose, and other cell wall components [1]. Modern processing techniques [2] of lignocellulosic biomass include, physical and chemical processing methods, such as wet oxidation [5], ammonia fiber explosion [6], ozonolysis [7], and organosolvation [8], and bioprocessing where lignin is degraded using a highly efficient use of extracellular enzymes [3]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid and accurate determination of the lignin content of lignocellulosic biomass by solid-state NMR

McCallum

Miao

et al. 2015

Fuel

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Biofuels and biomaterials, produced from lignocellulosic feedstock, require facile access to cellulose and hemicellulose to be competitive with petroleum processing and sugar-based fermentation. Physical-chemical barriers resulting from lignin complicates the hydrolysis biomass into fermentable sugars. Thus, the amount of lignin within a substrate is critical in determining biomass processing. The application of 13C cross-polarization, magic-angle spinning, and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance for the direct quantification of lignin content in biomass is examined. Using a standard curve constructed from pristine lignin and cellulose, the lignin content of a biomass sample is accurately determined through direct measurement without chemical or enzymatic pre-treatment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid and accurate determination of the lignin content of lignocellulosic biomass by solid-state NMR

McCallum

Miao

et al. 2015

Fuel

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“…In this respect, the production of fuel bio-ethanol from cellulose-containing biomass residues is studied worldwide. Such a process generally involves a certain type of biomass-pretreatment, which often makes use of heat (Garrote et al, 1999;Shimizu et al, 1998) and acid (Papatheofanous et al, 1995;Parajo and Santos, 1995) or alkali (Curreli et al, 1997;Sun et al, 2000). Biomasspretreatment is needed to make cellulose embedded in the plant cell wall accessible for enzymatic hydrolysis (Lynd, 1996;Lynd et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Standard assays do not predict the efficiency of commercial cellulase preparations towards plant materials

Kabel

Maarel²,

Klip³

et al. 2005

Biotech & Bioengineering

107

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Commercial cellulase preparations are potentially effective for processing biomass feedstocks in order to obtain bioethanol. In plant cell walls, cellulose fibrils occur in close association with xylans (monocotyls) or xyloglucans (dicotyls). The enzymatic conversion of cellulose/xylans is a complex process involving the concerted action of exo/endocellulases and cellobiases yielding glucose and xylanases yielding xylooligomers and xylose. An overview of commonly measured cellulase-, cellobiase-, and xylanase-activity, using respectively filter paper, cellobiose, and AZCL-dyed xylan as a substrate of 14 commercially available enzyme preparations from several suppliers is presented. In addition to these standardized tests, the enzyme-efficiency of degrading native substrates was studied. Grass and wheat bran were fractionated into a water unsoluble fraction (WUS), which was free of oligosaccharides and starch. Additionally, cellulose- and xylan-rich fractions were prepared by alkaline extraction of the WUS and were enzymatically digested. Hereby, the capability of cellulose and xylan conversion of the commercial enzyme preparations tested was measured. The results obtained showed that there was a large difference in the performance of the fourteen enzyme samples. Comparing all results, it was concluded that the choice of an enzyme preparation is more dependent on the characteristics of the substrate rather than on standard enzyme-activities measured.

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“…While, alkaline pretreatments like wetalkali oxidation and ammoniation are also thought to chemically alter lignin structure, but the chemistries are not well understood (Sewalt et al, 1997;Gould, 1984;Klinke et al, 2002). Certain pretreatments physically extract lignin along with the liquid stream, primarily depending on the solvent to biomass loading employed (Yang and Wyman, 2004;Papatheofanous et al, 1996;Kim and Lee, 2005a). Chemical characterization of pretreated lignocellulosics is relatively better understood compared to the effect of thermochemical pretreatment on the three-dimensional ultra-structural network of cellulose-hemicellulose-lignin.…”

Section: Effect Of Thermochemical Pretreatment On Cell Wall Compositimentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermochemical pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass

Chundawat

Balan

Sousa

et al. 2010

Bioalcohol Production

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Two-stage acid-catalyzed fractionation of lignocellulosic biomass in aqueous ethanol systems at low temperatures

Cited by 68 publications

References 8 publications

Rapid and accurate determination of the lignin content of lignocellulosic biomass by solid-state NMR

Rapid and accurate determination of the lignin content of lignocellulosic biomass by solid-state NMR

Standard assays do not predict the efficiency of commercial cellulase preparations towards plant materials

Thermochemical pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass

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