Two-stage liquefaction of a Spanish subbituminous coal

Martínez, María Teresa; Fernandez, I.; Benito, Ana M.; Cebolla, Vicente L.; Miranda, JoséL.; Oelert, H. H.

doi:10.1016/0378-3820(93)90075-f

Cited by 19 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The feedstock used in this experiment was an asphaltenic residue from coal liquids. Operating conditions of the liquefaction and deasphalting processes have already been described in detail. , Some of the feedstock properties are shown in Table . Experiments were carried out batchwise in a stainless steel tubular reactor; the equipment and experimental procedures were similar to those described by Benito et al. − Experiments were carried out in duplicate, with 25 g of the sample in each reactor.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this work, a residue from the deasphalting of a synthetic crude obtained by direct coal liquefaction of a subbituminous Spanish coal has been processed by catalytic hydrocracking. The raw syncrude was processed through two upgrading routes, the oils were hydrogenated in two steps, and the residue has been upgraded by thermal cracking, hydrothermal cracking, and catalytic hydrocracking , to get an integral use of natural resources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Catalytic Hydrocracking of an Asphaltenic Coal Residue

Benito

Martínez

1996

Energy Fuels

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Catalytic hydrocracking of a residue from deasphalting a syncrude obtained by direct coal liquefaction of a subbituminous Spanish coal was carried out at different temperatures and reaction times. Kinetic study of the cracking reaction has been performed. The viscosity, coke content, boiling point distribution, elemental analysis, and aromaticity of the reaction products have been determined. The experimental data fit with the first-order kinetic model proposed.The main effects observed with the thermal hydrotreatment have been a large decrease of the viscosity of products that varies from 4608 cSt in the feedstock to 79 cSt. The conversion of the heavy fraction (bp > 350°C and soluble in toluene) increased with the temperature and residence time, and the formation of coke was inhibited even at the softest reaction conditions used.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic Hydrocracking of an Asphaltenic Coal Residue

Benito

Martínez

1996

Energy Fuels

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“…In this work, a residue from deasphalting a synthetic crude obtained by direct liquefaction of a subbituminous Spanish coal was hydroprocessed under similar conditions to those used in hydrovisbreaking processes in the petroleum industry. The raw syncrude was processed through two upgrading routes, the oils were hydrogenated in two steps, and the residue has been upgraded by thermal cracking, hydrothermal cracking, and catalytic hydrocracking in order to get an integral use of natural resources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upgrading of an Asphaltenic Coal Residue: Thermal Hydroprocessing

et al. 1996

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A residue from deasphalting a syncrude obtained by direct coal liquefaction of a subbituminous Spanish coal was processed by thermal hydrotreatment. Kinetic study of the cracking reaction and coke formation reaction has been performed. The viscosity, coke content, boiling point distribution, elemental analysis, and aromaticity of the reaction products have been determined. The experimental data fits with the first-order kinetic model proposed. The main effects observed with the thermal hydrotreatment have been a large decrease of the viscosity that varies from 4608 cSt in the feedstock to 147 cSt in the products. The conversion of the heavy fraction (bp > 350 °C and soluble in toluene) and asphaltenes increased with the temperature and residence time, and the formation of coke was inhibited even at the hardest reaction conditions used. At 425 °C a kinetic control conducts the reaction, the cracking reaction with lower activation energy was more favorable and the coke formation (condensation) remained almost completely inhibited.

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“…Leet and Cronauer [12] studied the pyrolysis yields of coal liquefaction residues obtained from the Wilsonville pilot plant. Two-stage thermal and catalytic liquefaction of a Spanish sub-bituminous coal has been studied by Martinez et al [14] The properties of liquids produced from first-and secondstage liquefaction have been analysed in detail using 1 H NMR techniques. The ash concentrate analysis is uncorrected for mineral matter and not reported.…”

Section: Residuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[14] The properties of such residues and NMR methods ( 1 H NMR) used to determine the structural parameters for these liquefaction residue samples are reported in Martinez et al [14] Benito et al [16] studied the thermal treatment of residue obtained from the deasphalting of liquids from the DCL process. [14] The properties of such residues and NMR methods ( 1 H NMR) used to determine the structural parameters for these liquefaction residue samples are reported in Martinez et al [14] Benito et al [16] studied the thermal treatment of residue obtained from the deasphalting of liquids from the DCL process.…”

Section: Residuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

An overview of conversion of residues from coal liquefaction processes

Khare

Dell’Amico

2013

Can J Chem Eng

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Direct coal liquefaction (DCL) is a process for converting coal to synthetic oils, which can be refined to make transportation fuels. Residue from this process contains inorganic material such as mineral matter originating from the coal and catalysts, and organic matter such as unconverted coal, heavy oils, pre-asphaltenes and asphaltenes. The conversion of these DCL residues to lighter, high-value products is an important step in helping to make this technology both commercially viable and environmentally acceptable. This paper provides an overview of the physico-chemical characteristics and processing options available for coal liquefaction residues and compares and contrasts them to those of petroleum residues. Residue properties vary considerably, since they are highly dependent on feed coal, process configuration and operating conditions. Determination of composition and structural parameters of products derived from residue conversion can help determine their stability, coking and solvent hydrogen donating ability. Thermal conversion processes such as visbreaking and gasification offer the greatest promise for handling these heavy materials. The conversion chemistry, reactivity and kinetics of residue gasification are not well-understood but are important in optimising hydrogen production for the process. The literature has been comprehensively reviewed to provide characteristics and properties of residues and their potential for conversion. In addition, the potential for producing high-value carbon products from residues is briefly discussed.

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Two-stage liquefaction of a Spanish subbituminous coal

Cited by 19 publications

References 14 publications

Catalytic Hydrocracking of an Asphaltenic Coal Residue

Catalytic Hydrocracking of an Asphaltenic Coal Residue

Upgrading of an Asphaltenic Coal Residue: Thermal Hydroprocessing

An overview of conversion of residues from coal liquefaction processes

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