Two-stage master sintering curve applied to two-step sintering of oxide ceramics

Two-Step Sintering of Ceramics

“…Fully dense ceramics with uniform microstructure and fine grain size is essential to stabilize the tetragonal phase as well as to improve the mechanical properties such as hardness and toughness. There are many TSS profiles conducted to control the grain growth of Y-TZP ceramics [1,4,5,8,[24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31]61]. Only few researchers successfully obtained fully dense ceramics with controlled grain growth (<5 times of powder size) [1,4,5,25,28,29,31,62].…”

“…Hence, TSS on 8YSZ controls the grain growth compared to 3Y-TZP due to its cubic crystal structure. TSS has been widely applied to 8YSZ to improve mechanical, electrical as well as the gas permeance via controlling the grain growth [3,9,24,[32][33][34] ) [9]. In addition to the above property, it is necessary to control grain growth to achieve optimum ratio of grain size to electrolyte layer thickness (0.1 < z < 0.3) to control gas permeance value for SOFC [64].…”

“…Ultrafine grain microstructure is crucial to enhance the mechanical properties such as hardness, wear resistance and strength. TSS successfully applied doped and pure alumina [5,24,25,[35][36][37][38][39][40][41]. Bodišová et al [36] and others [5,25,35,37,39] successfully sintered fully dense alumina (98%) with controlled grain growth (grain growth below five times than that of powder size).…”

Effect of sintering parameters using the central composite design method, electronic structure and physical properties of yttria-partially stabilized ZrO2 commercial ceramics

“…There is a narrowing of the zones with increasing temperature and time, contrary to the former case. This is because in the sintering stage, removing of pores occurs before the stage of grain growth and it is associated with a high shrinkage rate [73]. The response surface to the material hardness (Fig.…”

Influence of yttria additives on structural, microstructural and mechanical properties of alumina–zirconia composites prepared by two-stage sintering

“…Common zirconia is therefore doped with Y 2 O 3 , CaO, Sc 2 O 3 and other oxides to stabilize its tetragonal or cubic phase. Owing to a transformation strengthening mechanism the polycrystalline tetragonal zirconia (t-ZrO 2 ) reveals the highest fracture toughness among advanced ceramics and has been widely used in structural applications [7]. In addition, the metastable tetragonal zirconia without dopants can also be prepared in the form of fine particles that are smaller than the critical size [8][9][10].…”