Two-stage optimization algorithm for short-term reactive power planning based on zonal approach

Plavšić, Tomislav; Kuzle, Igor

doi:10.1016/j.epsr.2010.11.018

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Although the main objective of reactive power planning is to minimise total cost of reactive compensation, many variants exist to take into account of transmission losses, generation production, etc, and can be formulated as a multi-objective optimisation problem [8,9]. For reasons of practicality and characteristics of UHV system as described previously, we consider the UHV reactive power optimisation as the one to minimise the total cost of reactive compensation.…”

Section: Objective Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A design methodology for installing reactive compensation equipment in ultra high voltage AC transmission system based on a modified particle swarm optimisation method

Zeng

Qin

Zhang

et al. 2014

2014 Power Systems Computation Conference

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Abstracts:Ultra high voltage (UHV) AC system operates at 1000kV or above and is characterised with having a large transmission capacity (5000MW or above per single circuit) and long transmission distances. It is capable of producing over 4 times more reactive power gains than a conventional 500kV transmission line, and also absorbing a significant amount of reactive power when power flow across the line is high. Managing UHV AC voltage profile across a range of operating conditions is a major design challenge, especially in the early stage of development in UHV AC transmission systems. It requires an appropriate amount of inductive and capacitive compensation equipments with different characteristics installed at appropriate locations. This paper presents a practical method for designing, installing and operating reactive power compensation schemes for UHV AC systems. The method takes into account the cost of different types of reactive power compensation equipment, such as mechanically switched capacitors, static var compensators, fixed shunt reactors, controllable shunt reactors, etc, and minimises the overall cost of reactive compensations such that the system operates satisfactorily across a range of operational conditions whilst satisfying system constraints, including voltage and thermal constraints. The optimisation problem is solved by a modified particle swarm optimisation algorithm. The design framework is applied to a real UHV system design as case study, and is compared with conventional design method.

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Section: Objective Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A design methodology for installing reactive compensation equipment in ultra high voltage AC transmission system based on a modified particle swarm optimisation method

Zeng

Qin

Zhang

et al. 2014

2014 Power Systems Computation Conference

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“…Max: TMB À TP (14) where TMB is the total marginal benefit to the ISO from maximizing NERPR; and TP is the total payment that the ISO pays to the contracted generators for providing reactive power support. The TMB is the total marginal benefit to the ISO from maximizing NERPR and can be defined as: 15) and TP k that is the TP that the ISO pays to the contracted generators for providing reactive power support in control area k is defined by: (17) where r 0k , r 1k , r 2k , and p 3k are the zonal uniform prices of reactive power component in Area k; Q G1g , Q G2g , and Q G3g are the reactive power generation at different regions on the capability curve as described in Section 3.1.…”

Section: Reactive Market Clearingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…References suggest market structures for reactive power procurement problem. In , zonal reactive power procurement model is proposed; the power system has been divided into voltage control areas (VCAs) using the concept of electrical distance and a uniform price is calculated for each VCA. These procurement models only consider total payments ( TP ) to generators, and technical issues are not considered in the procurement procedure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactive power procurement model in electricity markets based on normalized effective reactive power reserve

Saebi

Ghasemi

Afsharnia

2013

Int. Trans. Electr. Energ. Syst.

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SUMMARYAs one of the important security criteria, power system operators closely monitor reactive power reserve in voltage control areas (VCAs) of their system to ensure voltage security and to prevent voltage collapse. Therefore, from a system/market operator perspective, proper management of reactive power reserve must be considered in reactive power procurement stage. This paper proposes a long‐term procurement model to meet reactive power reserve requirements in competitive electricity markets considering both economical and technical issues. The model would be of interest to system/market operators since it is based on a new indicator referred to as normalized effective reactive power reserve (NERPR) as a more meaningful signal compared to other physical/economical indicators. The proposed framework for reactive power procurement determines accepted bids by minimizing the associated procurement cost while maximizing NERPR in each VCA of the system. Physical constraints such as generator capability curves and voltage security are taken into account in the formulation. Also, a population‐based algorithm is introduced here to solve the mixed integer non‐linear programming (MINLP) problem resulted from the procurement model. An algorithm is proposed to change the MINLP problem to series of NLP sub‐problems. The CIGRE 32‐bus test system is used to test the feasibility of the proposed procurement model. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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“…The ORPD problem is solved using DE algorithm 13 . A two‐stage algorithm is explained with an objective to minimize the transmission loss and cost 14 . PSO method with dynamic weight is tested on IEEE 6‐bus system to minimize the system losses 15 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactive power management by using a modified differential evolution algorithm

Kar

Kumar

Singh

et al. 2021

Optim Control Appl Methods

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In this article, a modified differential evolution (MDE) algorithm is proposed and applied to provide the solution for reactive power management by incorporating the flexible alternating current transmission systems (FACTS) controllers. The proper siting of FACTS controller has been achieved with an objective to minimize the losses and to improve the loading capability. The power flow analysis is performed to determine the optimal position for FACTS controllers. These controllers are incorporated in the most heavily loaded lines and hence controls the power flow in that particular line and allow more power to be transmitted in the remaining lines. The proposed MDE algorithm uses a novel DE/best3/1/bin mutation operator to produce three temporary mutant vectors which are averaged to obtain the mutant vector. Hence, the decision vectors of a generation simultaneously move toward the three best decision vectors of the population thereby maintains a better trade between exploration and exploitation. The proposed MDE algorithm is applied on different standard test bus (i.e., IEEE30, IEEE57, and IEEE118) systems with varying active and reactive loading (i.e., 100%, 110%, and 120%). The proposed method's performance is compared to those obtained from some well‐known meta‐heuristic algorithms. The proposed MDE algorithm optimized FACTS controllers reduce transmission loss by 60.90% in IEEE30 bus, 49.72% in IEEE57 bus and 8.37% in IEEE118 bus test system under base loading. The statistical analysis of the obtained results is carried out using the Wilcoxon signed rank test and the Friedman and Nemenyi hypothesis test, which ensures the reliability and robustness of the proposed method.

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Two-stage optimization algorithm for short-term reactive power planning based on zonal approach

Cited by 10 publications

References 12 publications

A design methodology for installing reactive compensation equipment in ultra high voltage AC transmission system based on a modified particle swarm optimisation method

A design methodology for installing reactive compensation equipment in ultra high voltage AC transmission system based on a modified particle swarm optimisation method

Reactive power procurement model in electricity markets based on normalized effective reactive power reserve

Reactive power management by using a modified differential evolution algorithm

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