Two-step absorption instead of two-photon absorption in 3D nanoprinting

Hahn, Vincent; Messer, Tobias; Bojanowski, N. Maximilian; Curticean, Ernest Ronald; Wacker, Irene; Schröder, Rasmus R.; Blasco, Eva; Wegener, Martin

doi:10.1038/s41566-021-00906-8

Cited by 115 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…L aser-based nanoprinting features high resolution down to nanometer scale (1)(2)(3), but it generally relies on photopolymerization and is limited to photocurable resin. Three-dimensional (3D) manufacturing of functional nanomaterials beyond polymers remains challenging.…”

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confidence: 99%

3D nanoprinting of semiconductor quantum dots by photoexcitation-induced chemical bonding

Liu

Hou

Lin

et al. 2022

Science

116

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Three-dimensional (3D) laser nanoprinting allows maskless manufacturing of diverse nanostructures with nanoscale resolution. However, 3D manufacturing of inorganic nanostructures typically requires nanomaterial-polymer composites and is limited by a photopolymerization mechanism, resulting in a reduction of material purity and degradation of intrinsic properties. We developed a polymerization-independent, laser direct writing technique called photoexcitation-induced chemical bonding. Without any additives, the holes excited inside semiconductor quantum dots are transferred to the nanocrystal surface and improve their chemical reactivity, leading to interparticle chemical bonding. As a proof of concept, we printed arbitrary 3D quantum dot architectures at a resolution beyond the diffraction limit. Our strategy will enable the manufacturing of free-form quantum dot optoelectronic devices such as light-emitting devices or photodetectors.

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confidence: 99%

3D nanoprinting of semiconductor quantum dots by photoexcitation-induced chemical bonding

Liu

Hou

Lin

et al. 2022

Science

116

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“…104 The recent demonstration of two-step absorption in microfabrication sees a photocatalyst absorb a photon to populate an intermediate electronic state, before a second photon is absorbed to power the reaction. 105 Sharing similarities with the multiphoton conPET mechanism, two-step absorption promisingly exhibits a higher quantum efficiency than two photon absorption and requires lower irradiation intensities. Finally, while the ubiquity and price of modern LED light sources has enabled the modern renaissance of visible light photochemistry, the need for quantified light sources must be emphasised.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The forgotten reagent of photoredox catalysis

Connell

2022

Dalton Trans.

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“…For example, faster laser‐focus scanning would reduce the effects of drifts during the printing process and enable finer discretization of the kinoforms, which is expected to reduce the surface roughness. Given the rapid progress in the field of 3D laser nanoprinting, [ 43 ] it can be expected that the efficiency as well as the resolving power of potentially inexpensive 3D printed kinoforms will improve further in the near future.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐Resolution Kinoform X‐Ray Optics Printed via 405 nm 3D Laser Lithography

Sanli

Messer

Weigand

et al. 2022

Adv Materials Technologies

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Efficient focusing of X‐rays is essential for high‐resolution X‐ray microscopy. Diffractive X‐ray optics called kinoforms offer the highest focusing efficiencies in theory. However, they have long remained unavailable due to their challenging nanofabrication. Recently, various X‐ray optic geometries including kinoforms have been realized using 3D laser lithography at near‐infrared wavelengths. As the smallest features (period) of the kinoform determines the resolving power, there is a natural drive to find ways to fabricate kinoforms with ever smaller features. Here, a custom‐built 3D laser lithography setup with an excitation wavelength of 405 nm is used, which allows to half the smallest period of the kinoforms compared to previous work. A 40% improvement in scanning transmission X‐ray microscopy image resolution, that is, a cutoff resolution of 145 nm, and an efficiency of 7.6% at 700 eV is achieved. A reconstructed pixel size of 18.5 nm, reaching the limit imposed by the design of the microscopy set‐up, is demonstrated through ptychographic imaging of a magnetic sample which has a strongly reduced contrast mechanism. Moreover, X‐ray lenses manufactured by 405 nm 3D laser lithography have the potential to become much less expensive than X‐ray lenses made by other means.

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Two-step absorption instead of two-photon absorption in 3D nanoprinting

Cited by 115 publications

References 46 publications

3D nanoprinting of semiconductor quantum dots by photoexcitation-induced chemical bonding

3D nanoprinting of semiconductor quantum dots by photoexcitation-induced chemical bonding

The forgotten reagent of photoredox catalysis

High‐Resolution Kinoform X‐Ray Optics Printed via 405 nm 3D Laser Lithography

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