Two-step laser spectroscopy of the even-parity Rydberg levels of neutral tin

Abstract

We report the first measurements of the even-parity J = 1 and 2 levels of neutral tin using a two-step laser excitation technique in conjunction with an atomic beam apparatus. The Rydberg series 5pnp (1/2,3/2)2 (11 n45) and 5pnp (1/2,3/2)1 (12 n18) have been observed converging to the first ionization limit. In addition, five p-levels; 5p8p (3/2,1/2)1,2, 5p8p (3/2,3/2)0,1,2 and three f-levels 5p5f (3/2,5/2)1,2 and 5p5f (3/2,7/2)2 converging to the second ionization threshold have been identified. The perturbations among the J = 2 levels have been studied using three-channel quantum defect theory.

Spectroscopic investigation of the 3d 2D→nf 2F transitions in lithium

“…For the collimation of the atomic beam a 10 mm long with 2 mm diameter aperture tube is fitted in the crucible. The crucible was attached with the stainless steel coupling rod and then with the copper feedthrough for the electrical connections as described in [17][18][19]. The oven orifice is about 8.4 cm from the interaction region.…”

Energy level analyses of even-parity J = 1 and 2 Rydberg states of Sn I by multichannel quantum defect theory

“…Experimental energy levels in the J = 1 Rydberg series ranging from 42342.3 cm −1 to 59090.7 cm −1 used in calculations were taken from the published data: the levels lower than 56485.5 cm −1 from Moore's table [4] and the others from Nadeem's results. [8,9] The experimental values measured by Jin et al [11] are…”

“…Brown et al [7] determined 639 odd-parity energy levels including many autoionizing levels for Sn I by investigating the high-resolution absorption spectrum between 158 and 204 nm, and the two ionization limits 2 P • 1/2 (59232.69 cm −1 ) and 2 P • 3/2 (63484.18 cm −1 ) were also determined by them. Using a two-step laser excitation technique, Nadeem et al [8,9] investigated numerous even-parity J = 1 and 2 Rydberg levels and they analyzed the 5pnp J = 2 and 5pnf J = 2 series by the multichannel quantum defect theory (MQDT) method in the frame of three-and two-channel models, respectively. Another systematic investigation on 5pnp and 5pnf even-parity Rydberg levels was accomplished by Jin et al [10,11] by using resonant multiphoton ionization and time-of-flight mass spectroscopy methods, but the detailed results of their work were not published.…”

“…To the best of our knowledge, however, systematic MQDT analysis for even-parity Rydberg levels of Sn I has not yet been reported in the literature since the energy level data were just published recently. [8,9] Therefore, it is necessary and interesting to investigate the even-parity Rydberg series of Sn I by means of the MQDT method in order to understand the configuration interaction characteristics and to supplement theoretical energy level data for the incomplete experimental results reported in the literature. [8,9] Based on this purpose, in the present paper we perform detailed theoretical analyses on even-parity J = 1 and 2 Rydberg levels of Sn I by the MQDT method in five-and six-channel models, respectively.…”

Lifetime measurements of odd-parity high-excitation levels of Sn I by time-resolved laser spectroscopy

“…Due to its rather simple structure, the energy levels of Sn I have been investigated by several authors [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. However, the experimental determination of Sn I lifetimes has been limited to a few lowly lying odd-parity levels and to some even-parity levels.…”