Two strategies for PCB soil remediation: Biodegradation and surfactant extraction

McDermott, Joseph P.; Unterman, Ronald; Brennan, Michael J.; Brooks, R. L.; Mobley, David P.; Schwartz, Charles C.; Dietrich, David

doi:10.1002/ep.3300080113

Cited by 52 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…To our knowledge, only a few bioremediation studies have been focused on chronically PCB-contaminated soils and matrixes (Hill et al, 1989;McDermott et al, 1989;Fiebig et al, 1993;Harkness et al, 1993;Abramowicz et al, 1996;Fava et al, 1997). The low PCB bioavailability in these soils is a key factor that controls the efficiency of the bioremediation treatment (Morgan and Watkinson, 1989;Harkness et al, 1993;Providenti et al, 1993).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies of PCB biodegradation in soils have been performed in microcosms using soils ''artificially'' contaminated with defined mixtures of PCBs and inoculated with exogenous specialised bacteria Brunner et al, 1985;Viney and Bewley, 1990;Reineke, 1992, 1993;Hickey et al, 1993;Barriault and Sylvestre, 1993;Haluska et al, 1995;Focht et al, 1996). On the contrary, only a few studies have been focused on PCB biodegradation of PCB-contaminated soils deriving from natural or industrial sites (Hill et al, 1989;McDermott et al, 1989;Fiebig et al, 1993;Harkness et al, 1993;Abramowicz et al, 1996;Fava et al, 1997). The potential for xenobiotic biodegradation in such contaminated soils depends upon several biological, chemical, and physical factors (Morgan and Watkinson, 1989;Shannon and Unterman, 1993), which generally vary greatly by changing the nature and origin of the soil (Haluska et al, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cyclodextrin effects on theex-situ bioremediation of a chronically polychlorobiphenyl-contaminated soil

Fava

Gioia

Marchetti

1998

Biotechnol. Bioeng.

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The possibility of enhancing the intrinsic ex‐situ bioremediation of a chronically polychlorinated biphenyl‐contaminated soil by using cyclodextrins was studied in this work. The soil, contaminated with a large array of polychlorinated biphenyls and deriving from a dump site where it has been stored for about 10 years, was found to contain indigenous cultivable aerobic bacteria capable of utilising biphenyl and chlorobenzoic acids. The soil was amended with inorganic nutrients and biphenyl, saturated with water, and treated in aerobic batch slurry‐ and fixed‐phase reactors. Hydroxypropyl‐β‐cyclodextrin and γ‐cyclodextrin, added to both reactor systems at the concentration of 10 g/L at the 39th and 100th days of treatment, were found to generally enhance the depletion rate and extent of the soil polychlorobiphenyls. Despite some abiotic losses could have affected the depletion data, experimental evidence, such as the production of metabolites tentatively characterized as chlorobenzoic acids and chloride ion accumulation in the reactors, indicated that cyclodextrins significantly enhanced the biological degradation of the soil polychlorobiphenyls. This result has been ascribed to the capability of cyclodextrins of enhancing the availability of polychlorobiphenyls in the hydrophilic soil environment populated by immobilised and suspended indigenous soil microorganisms. Both cyclodextrins were metabolised by the indigenous soil microorganisms at the concentration at which they were used. Therefore, cyclodextrins, both for their capability of enhancing the biodegradation of soil polychlorobiphenyls and for their biodegradability, can have the potential of being successfully used in the bioremediation of chronically polychlorinated biphenyl‐contaminated soils. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biotechnol Bioeng 58:345–355, 1998.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyclodextrin effects on theex-situ bioremediation of a chronically polychlorobiphenyl-contaminated soil

Fava

Gioia

Marchetti

1998

Biotechnol. Bioeng.

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“…Because of their unique aggregation and solubilization properties, surfactant micelles have been widely proposed as agents for the removal of organic contaminants from water (Leung, 1979;Dunn et al, 1985;Bhat et al, 1987;Gibbs et al, 1987;Smith et al, 1987) and from soil (Ellis et al, 1985;Gannon et al, 1989;McDermott et al, 1989;Wilson et al, 1989). An ultrafiltration (UF) step can concentrate micellar aggregates and their associated solutes, and can liberate clean water in the permeate (Leung, 1979).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross‐flow ultrafiltration of micellar surfactant solutions

1995

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“…An alternative strategy for in situ PCB removal is biodegradation by microorganisms capable of metabolizing PCBs. Although bioaugmentation of soil with degradative bacteria has been largely unsuccessful in achieving significant aerobic PCB degradation in the field (29), efforts to biostimulate indigenous PCB-degrading bacteria have been promising. Analogue enrichment with biphenyl has been shown to increase the numbers of aerobic PCB-degrading bacteria in soil microcosms (12,51) and to enhance PCB degradation rates in soils (6,12) and in situ sediments (18).…”

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confidence: 99%

Polychlorinated Biphenyl (PCB)-Degrading Bacteria Associated with Trees in a PCB-Contaminated Site

Leigh

Prouzová

Macková

et al. 2006

Appl Environ Microbiol

236

132

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The abundance, identities, and degradation abilities of indigenous polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)-degrading bacteria associated with five species of mature trees growing naturally in a contaminated site were investigated to identify plants that enhance the microbial PCB degradation potential in soil. Culturable PCB degraders were associated with every plant species examined in both the rhizosphere and root zone, which was defined as the bulk soil in which the plant was rooted. Significantly higher numbers of PCB degraders (2.7-to 56.7-fold-higher means) were detected in the root zones of Austrian pine (Pinus nigra) and goat willow (Salix caprea) than in the root zones of other plants or non-root-containing soil in certain seasons and at certain soil depths. The majority of culturable PCB degraders throughout the site and the majority of culturable PCB degraders associated with plants were identified as members of the genus Rhodococcus by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Other taxa of PCB-degrading bacteria included members of the genera Luteibacter and Williamsia, which have not previously been shown to include PCB degraders. PCB degradation assays revealed that some isolates from the site have broad congener specificities; these isolates included one Rhodococcus strain that exhibited degradation abilities similar to those of Burkholderia xenovorans LB400. Isolates with broad congener specificity were widespread at the site, including in the biostimulated root zone of willow. The apparent association of certain plant species with increased abundance of indigenous PCB degraders, including organisms with outstanding degradation abilities, throughout the root zone supports the notion that biostimulation through rhizoremediation is a promising strategy for enhancing PCB degradation in situ.Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are toxic, persistent pollutants of worldwide concern whose cleanup using conventional methods like incineration or relocation to specialized landfills is often prohibitively expensive. An alternative strategy for in situ PCB removal is biodegradation by microorganisms capable of metabolizing PCBs. Although bioaugmentation of soil with degradative bacteria has been largely unsuccessful in achieving significant aerobic PCB degradation in the field (29), efforts to biostimulate indigenous PCB-degrading bacteria have been promising. Analogue enrichment with biphenyl has been shown to increase the numbers of aerobic PCB-degrading bacteria in soil microcosms (12, 51) and to enhance PCB degradation rates in soils (6, 12) and in situ sediments (18). Unfortunately, as a field remedial strategy, addition of biphenyl is problematic due to the low water solubility of biphenyl, the necessity of repeated application, and concerns about biphenyl toxicity. By capitalizing on the innate ability of plants to alter soil microbial community structure, rhizoremediation offers an attractive and affordable alternative means for long-term biostimulation of aerobic PCB degradation in situ.Rhizostimulation of aromatic poll...

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Two strategies for PCB soil remediation: Biodegradation and surfactant extraction

Cited by 52 publications

References 0 publications

Cyclodextrin effects on theex-situ bioremediation of a chronically polychlorobiphenyl-contaminated soil

Cyclodextrin effects on theex-situ bioremediation of a chronically polychlorobiphenyl-contaminated soil

Cross‐flow ultrafiltration of micellar surfactant solutions

Polychlorinated Biphenyl (PCB)-Degrading Bacteria Associated with Trees in a PCB-Contaminated Site

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