Two ways of finding a host: A specialist and a generalist parasitoid species (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Pteromalidae)

Peters, Ralph S.

doi:10.14411/eje.2011.073

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…As generalist that uses hosts from different families of Diptera it is probably adapted to search for hosts in a variety of habitats and is more flexible in its host-searching behaviour than more specialized species. 34 Overall, T. drosophilae produced most offspring among the parasitoid species in the semifield experiment. As for P. vindemmiae, a preference for D. suzukii can be implied since more T. drosophilae offspring emerged from D. suzukii even though more D. melanogaster hosts were available.…”

Section: Semifield Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Pachycrepoideus vindemmiae parasitized offspring both on the ground and above, but higher numbers emerged from the foliage. As generalist that uses hosts from different families of Diptera it is probably adapted to search for hosts in a variety of habitats and is more flexible in its host‐searching behaviour than more specialized species 34 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Host searching and host preference of resident pupal parasitoids of Drosophila suzukii in the invaded regions

Wolf

Barmettler

Romeis

et al. 2020

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUND: In its invaded regions, Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) is a novel host for the community of resident parasitoids of Drosophila. To attain a high parasitization rate on the novel host, the parasitoids have to locate it and accept it in the presence of other Drosophila hosts. We conducted a laboratory choice experiment and a semifield trial to investigate host searching and host preference of the three pupal parasitoid species Trichopria drosophilae (Perkins), Pachycrepoideus vindemmiae (Rondani) and Spalangia erythromera Förster. RESULTS: All three parasitoid species preferred D. suzukii over two common native hosts in the choice experiment. In field cages, most parasitoid offspring emerged from D. suzukii hosts. While P. vindemmiae mainly parasitized hosts in the foliage, most T. drosophilae offspring emerged from pupae presented on the ground. CONCLUSIONS: Both P. vindemmiae and T. drosophilae have the potential to find and parasitize D. suzukii in the field. If released early in the season, possible nontarget effects on native Drosophila should be minimal.

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Section: Semifield Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host searching and host preference of resident pupal parasitoids of Drosophila suzukii in the invaded regions

Wolf

Barmettler

Romeis

et al. 2020

Pest Management Science

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“…Oviposition site location by parasitoids that use inconspicuous, well‐hidden hosts inside plants oblige the insect to find and accept not only the host but also the host plant (Peters, ). Parasitoids have developed various searching strategies to confront the challenge of finding concealed hosts (Turlings et al., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host species and vegetable fruit suitability and preference by the parasitoid wasp Fopius arisanus

Ayelo

Sinzogan

Bokonon-Ganta

et al. 2017

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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Parasitoids that oviposit in a concealed host inside a plant part need to be able to find both the plant and the host. Egg parasitoids of fruit‐infesting Tephritidae need to assess the oviposition site based both on the host egg and the infested fruit. Infestation by Tephritidae fruit flies threatens fruit and vegetable production. Management methods have been implemented including biological control, using Fopius arisanus Sonan (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). The parasitism by F. arisanus in three Tephritidae flies in vegetable fruits was investigated. Laboratory assays were conducted to assess the parasitoid's preference and survival. Zucchini, sweet pepper, and tomato were artificially infested with eggs of Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel, Ceratitis capitata Wiedemann, and Ceratitis cosyra Walker (all Diptera: Tephritidae), then exposed to mated naïve F. arisanus females in a 20:1 egg:parasitoid ratio. Parasitoid behavioral activities (resting, antennating, probing, ovipositing) were observed on the infested fruits. Parasitism rate was determined by dissection of fruit fly eggs under a stereomicroscope. Behavioral activities of F. arisanus differed between all the fruits when infested with B. dorsalis or C. cosyra eggs but differed only between some of the fruits when infested with C. capitata. Fopius arisanus preferred B. dorsalis over C. capitata and C. cosyra, with a parasitism rate 2× higher on B. dorsalis compared to the Ceratitis species. Preference for fruits was dependent on the infesting fruit fly. The emergence of F. arisanus was higher with B. dorsalis than with Ceratitis spp. Although B. dorsalis completed its development earlier than Ceratitis spp., host fly species did not affect the developmental time of F. arisanus. We discuss the significance of F. arisanus preference in relation to naturally occurring Tephritidae infestations. We also discuss whether some fruits might constitute a refuge for Tephritidae flies and whether this will affect the current biological control efforts against B. dorsalis.

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“…We found that N. vitripennis infested bird nests with a high host puparia load (on average, 6.78 puparia in flycatcher nests and 14.81 in blue tit nests). Both the probability of infestation of the blowfly puparia by N. vitripennis and the number of parasitized puparia increased with the number of puparia in bird nests, suggesting that the more puparia in the nest, the easier they are detected by wasps, possibly by chemoreception (Peters 2011). Some studies have shown a positive correlation between parasitoidism intensity of N. vitripennis and host pupal size (Rivers and Denlinger 1995;Wylie 1967), but the correlation between host density and the parasitoidism rate is less clear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation in parasitoidism of Protocalliphora azurea (Diptera: Calliphoridae) by Nasonia vitripennis (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) in Spain

et al. 2019

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Parasitoid wasps may act as hyperparasites and sometimes regulate the populations of their hosts by a top-down dynamic. Nasonia vitripennis (Walker, 1836) is a generalist gregarious parasitoid that parasitizes several host flies, including the blowfly Protocalliphora Hough, (Diptera: Calliphoridae), which in turn parasitizes bird nestlings. Nonetheless, the ecological factors underlying N. vitripennis prevalence and parasitoidism intensity on its hosts in natural populations are poorly understood. We have studied the prevalence of N. vitripennis in Protocalliphora azurea (Fallén, 1817) puparia parasitizing wild populations of pied flycatcher (Ficedula hypoleuca) and blue tit (Cyanistes caeruleus) birds in two Mediterranean areas in central and southern Spain.We found some evidence that the prevalence of N. vitripennis was higher in moist habitats in southern Spain. A host-dependent effect was found, since the greater the number of P. azurea puparia, the greater the probability and rate of parasitoidism by the wasp. Our results also suggest that N. vitripennis parasitizes more P. azurea puparia in blue tit nests than in pied flycatcher nests as a consequence of a higher load of these flies in the former. Based on the high prevalence of N. vitripennis in P. azurea puparia in nature, we propose that this wasp may regulate blowfly populations, with possible positive effects on the reproduction of both bird species.

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Two ways of finding a host: A specialist and a generalist parasitoid species (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Pteromalidae)

Cited by 10 publications

References 40 publications

Host searching and host preference of resident pupal parasitoids of Drosophila suzukii in the invaded regions

Host searching and host preference of resident pupal parasitoids of Drosophila suzukii in the invaded regions

Host species and vegetable fruit suitability and preference by the parasitoid wasp Fopius arisanus

Variation in parasitoidism of Protocalliphora azurea (Diptera: Calliphoridae) by Nasonia vitripennis (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) in Spain

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