Type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus: A review on current treatment approach and gene therapy as potential intervention

Tan, Sin Yee; Wong, Joyce; Sim, Yan; Wong, Su Sie; Elhassan, Safa Abdelgadir Mohamed; Tan, Sean Hong; Lim, Grace Pei Ling; Tay, Nicole Wuen Rong; Annan, Naveenya Chetty; Bhattamisra, Subrat Kumar; Candasamy, Mayuren

doi:10.1016/j.dsx.2018.10.008

Cited by 322 publications

(199 citation statements)

References 90 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

187

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Studies of the natural process of the disease have shown that it is characterized by a progressive prostration of cells. People affected by DM type 2 are insulin-resistant and usually have a metabolic syndrome, a multifactorial intervention including aggressive treatment of dyslipidaemia and arterial hypertension [ 25 ]. One of the therapeutic approaches for treating type 2 DM is to reduce the post-prandial glucose levels.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Composition, Nutritional Value, and Biological Evaluation of Tunisian Okra Pods (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench)

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The aim of this work was to perform an unprecedented in-depth study on the bioactive phytochemicals of Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench Tunisian landrace (Marsaouia). For this purpose, its nutritional, aroma volatile, and phenolic profiles were characterized, and sundry biological activities were assessed in vitro. The approximate composition revealed that total dietary fiber as the most abundant macronutrient, mainly insoluble dietary fiber, followed by total carbohydrates and proteins. In addition, okra pods were rich in K, Ca, Mg, organic acids, tocopherols, and chlorophylls. Gas Chromatography-Electron Impact Mass Spectrometry (GC-EIMS) analysis showed that oxygenated monoterpenes, sesquiterpene hydrocarbons, and phenylpropanoids were the predominant essential volatile components in A. esculentus pods. A total of eight flavonols were detected by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled to a DAD detector and mass spectrometry by electrospray ionization (HPLC-DAD-MS/ESI); with quercetin-3-O-glucoside being the majority phenolic component, followed by quercetin-O-pentosyl-hexoside and quercetin-dihexoside. This pioneering study, evidences that Tunisian okra display promising antioxidant and cytotoxic actions, in addition to relevant inhibitory effects against α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes, and interesting analgesic activity.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Composition, Nutritional Value, and Biological Evaluation of Tunisian Okra Pods (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench)

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the major causes of premature illness and mortality worldwide (Federation, 2009). High blood glucose levels and glucose intolerance, as a consequence of a defective insulin production/secretion by pancreatic β cells (βcells) or insulin sensitivity (Stumvoll et al, 2005;Tan et al, 2019), are the typical clinical features of the disease. In T2DM, impairment and loss of β-cell mass has been associated with diverse pathological phenomena, including glucolipotoxicity, islet cholesterol accumulation, and islet inflammation (Poitout and Robertson, 2002;Ishikawa et al, 2008;Brunham et al, 2010;Donath and Shoelson, 2011).…”

Section: Iapp and Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Islet Amyloid Polypeptide: A Partner in Crime With Aβ in the Pathology of Alzheimer's Disease

Raimundo

Ferreira

Martins

et al. 2020

Front. Mol. Neurosci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Diabetes affects hundreds of millions of patients worldwide. Despite the advances in understanding the disease and therapeutic options, it remains a leading cause of death and of comorbidities globally. Islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP), or amylin, is a hormone produced by pancreatic β-cells. It contributes to the maintenance of glucose physiological levels namely by inhibiting insulin and glucagon secretion as well as controlling adiposity and satiation. IAPP is a highly amyloidogenic polypeptide forming intracellular aggregates and amyloid structures that are associated with β-cell death. Data also suggest the relevance of unprocessed IAPP forms as seeding for amyloid buildup. Besides the known consequences of hyperamylinemia in the pancreas, evidence has also pointed out that IAPP has a pathological role in cognitive function. More specifically, IAPP was shown to impair the blood-brain barrier; it was also seen to interact and co-deposit with amyloid beta peptide (Aß), and possibly with Tau, within the brain of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients, thereby contributing to diabetes-associated dementia. In fact, it has been suggested that AD results from a metabolic dysfunction in the brain, leading to its proposed designation as type 3 diabetes. Here, we have first provided a brief perspective on the IAPP amyloidogenic process and its role in diabetes and AD. We have then discussed the potential interventions for modulating IAPP proteotoxicity that can be explored for therapeutics. Finally, we have proposed the concept of a "diabetes brain phenotype" hypothesis in AD, which may help design future IAPP-centered drug developmentstrategies against AD.

show abstract

“…Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is much more common and is caused by insulin resistance of surrounding tissues, such as the liver, muscle and fat. Currently, the major approaches used to alleviate the symptoms of diabetes are the transplantation of cadaveric islets and exogenous insulin injection, but these have the disadvantages of donor shortage and inaccurate glucose control, respectively (Aguayo-Mazzucato and Bonner-Weir, 2018;Tan et al, 2019). Sustainable sources of functional β cells or islets represent a promising method for improved diabetes treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding generation and regeneration of pancreatic β cells from a single-cell perspective

2020

Development

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Understanding the mechanisms that underlie the generation and regeneration of β cells is crucial for developing treatments for diabetes. However, traditional research methods, which are based on populations of cells, have limitations for defining the precise processes of β-cell differentiation and trans-differentiation, and the associated regulatory mechanisms. The recent development of single-cell technologies has enabled re-examination of these processes at a single-cell resolution to uncover intermediate cell states, cellular heterogeneity and molecular trajectories of cell fate specification. Here, we review recent advances in understanding βcell generation and regeneration, in vivo and in vitro, from single-cell technologies, which could provide insights for optimization of diabetes therapy strategies.

show abstract

Type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus: A review on current treatment approach and gene therapy as potential intervention

Cited by 322 publications

References 90 publications

Chemical Composition, Nutritional Value, and Biological Evaluation of Tunisian Okra Pods (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench)

Chemical Composition, Nutritional Value, and Biological Evaluation of Tunisian Okra Pods (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench)

Islet Amyloid Polypeptide: A Partner in Crime With Aβ in the Pathology of Alzheimer's Disease

Understanding generation and regeneration of pancreatic β cells from a single-cell perspective

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About