Type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular risk in the UK south Asian community

Barnett, A.; Dixon, Anthony; Bellary, Srikanth; Hanif, Moghees; O'Hare, J P; Raymond, Neil T.; Kumar, Sudhesh

doi:10.1007/s00125-006-0495-x

Cited by 52 publications

(71 citation statements)

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“…People in South Asian countries have earlier incidence and greater premature mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD) than people in Western countries, a disparity that persists for South Asian immigrants in developed countries [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. A case-control comparison of age of first acute myocardial infarction between five South Asian countries and 47 other countries concluded that the observed disparities could be attributed to higher levels of standard risk factors at earlier ages in South Asians compared to citizens of other countries [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In California, South Asian men ages 25-44 years have three times the relative risk of death from CVD in comparison to the age-matched general population [4]. Epidemiologic studies have documented that South Asian immigrants have higher prevalence of medical CVD risk factors than the general population, such as diabetes, dyslipidemia, and metabolic syndrome, possibly due to a genetic predisposition to insulin resistance and central adiposity [6,9,11,[22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. They also have high rates of behavioral CVD risk factors, including physical inactivity and diets low in fruits and vegetables [9, 23-25, 28, 30, 31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Association of Duration of Residence in the United States with Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors Among South Asian Immigrants

Bharmal

Kaplan

Shapiro

et al. 2014

J Immigrant Minority Health

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association of Duration of Residence in the United States with Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors Among South Asian Immigrants

Bharmal

Kaplan

Shapiro

et al. 2014

J Immigrant Minority Health

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“…Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most common microvascular complications. Common risk factors for the development of DR include duration of diabetes, poor glycemic control, elevated blood pressure, and dyslipide mia, of which the latter three are potentially amenable to therapeutic intervention (Stratton et al 2001;Barnett et al 2006). Whether SCH is related to DR in type 2 diabetic patients remains controversial.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Subclinical Hypothyroidism and Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetic Patients: A Case-Control Study

Yang

Zhang

et al. 2010

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is defined as an asymptomatic state characterized by normal serum levels of free thyroxine and elevated serum concentrations of thyrotropin (> 4.0 μ U/ml). The association between SCH and type 2 diabetes has been well established. Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) that is characterized by neovascularization is a leading cause of visual loss in adults worldwide. However, whether SCH is related to PDR has not been studied. This study thus aimed to evaluate the relationship between SCH and PDR in type 2 diabetes. A total of 371 type 2 diabetic subjects were enrolled: 187 subjects with PDR and 184 subjects without diabetic retinopathy (with HbA1c above 6.5% and at least 10 years of diabetes duration). Subjects with PDR had higher blood pressure, higher serum levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and thyrotropin, and higher urinary albumin excretion rate. Of the 371 diabetics, 83 subjects (22.4%) were diagnosed as SCH (male 12.1% and female 29.9%). The prevalence of SCH in the PDR group (51/187, 27.3%) was higher than that in the subjects without diabetic retinopathy (32/184, 17.4%). Logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for compounding variables, SCH was independently related with PDR ( p = 0.032, adjusted OR = 2.485). These results indicate that type 2 diabetic patients with PDR are at an increased risk of SCH. A routine screening for thyroid function may thus be considered advisable in PDR subjects. This may be helpful in investigating new strategies preventing or treating PDR in clinical practice.

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“…One of the characteristics that most strongly influences occurrence in the UK population is South Asian origin (27,28) . It has been estimated that 6 .…”

Section: Service Provisionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition in an ethnically diverse society: what are some of the key challenges?

Szczepura

2011

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

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The role of nutrition is especially important in certain 'lifestyle' diseases that impact disproportionately on ethnic minority populations. The aim of this paper is to review the evidence of risk, health outcomes and interventions for certain diseases that affect the UK's largest ethnic minority group (South Asians) in order to help professionals better address the needs of this diverse population. Research evidence is presented on factors influencing access to services by ethnic minority populations and the changing UK policy background for public health and preventive care. The available research base on obesity, diabetes and CVD is discussed. Conditions such as type 2 diabetes, which are more prevalent among the South Asian population, are associated with poorer health outcomes and appear to exhibit links to diet and nutrition that start in childhood or even before birth; all making preventive care important. Obesity is a major risk factor and it appears that BMI thresholds may need to be lower for South Asians. Targeted interventions to improve diet and outcomes in the South Asian population also appear promising. Recent moves to promote access to evidence of ethnicity and health and to improve the cultural competence of organisations are discussed. Health professionals will increasingly need to promote lifestyle changes in a manner that meets the needs of a diverse population in order to address future public health challenges. Nutritionists and other professionals will need to ensure that interventions are culturally appropriate and involve engagement with extended family members and communities.Ethnic minorities: South Asians: Diabetes and obesity: Nutrition: Evidence-based practice Health professionals are crucial in the fight against a number of conditions that impact disproportionately on ethnic minority populations. Approximately 12 . 5% of UK residents come from a non-white British ethnic back ground, and in some urban areas the proportion is approximately 50% (1) . According to the 2001 Census, nearly half (45 %) of the minority ethnic population in England lives in the Greater London area, where they form 29 % of the population overall (2) . South Asians currently represent approximately 40 % of the UK ethnic minority population, with individuals or their families, mainly originating from India, Pakistan and Bangladesh.With continued migration from South Asia, Europe and elsewhere, Britain has an increasingly multi-ethnic population. This can present a number of challenges to health care professionals when dealing with public health issues linked to diet and lifestyle. This paper focuses on specific conditions that are known to be more prevalent in people of South Asian origin, and are linked to diet and lifestyle. These include type 2 diabetes, CVD and CHD. It should be borne in mind, however, that there are other conditions, for example, osteomalacia and rickets, which are also linked to diet and lifestyle in the South Asian population (3)(4)(5) . The role of public health and preventive care ar...

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Type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular risk in the UK south Asian community

Abstract: Unfortunately the authors of reference 53 were incorrect. The correct reference is:53. Mohan V, Deepa R, Haranath SP et al. (1998) Lipoprotein(a) is an independent risk factor for coronary artery disease in NIDDM patients in South India. Diabetes

Cited by 52 publications

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The Association of Duration of Residence in the United States with Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors Among South Asian Immigrants

The Association of Duration of Residence in the United States with Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors Among South Asian Immigrants

Association between Subclinical Hypothyroidism and Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetic Patients: A Case-Control Study

Nutrition in an ethnically diverse society: what are some of the key challenges?

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