Type 2 diabetes in South Asians: similarities and differences with white Caucasian and other populations

Gujral, Unjali P.; Pradeepa, Rajendra; Weber, Mary Beth; Narayan, K.M. Venkat; Mohan, Viswanathan

doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2012.06838.x

Cited by 328 publications

(276 citation statements)

References 114 publications

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“…South Asian ethnicity is a well-recognized risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus, attributable to several pathogenetic mechanisms, including greater visceral fat and insulin resistance, early beta-cell dysfunction, high carbohydrate diet, and lower physical activity, compared with other ethnicities. 22 However, HbA 1c measurement is fraught with several confounding factors in patients on hemodialysis. 23 Nevertheless, the diagnostic accuracy, as well a precision in the estimation of chronic hyperglycemia, make this measurement a preferred tool in the general population.…”

Section: Namrata Rao Et Al/experimental and Clinical Transplantationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

Rao

Rathi²,

Sharma³

et al. 2018

Exp Clin Transplant

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Objectives: Posttransplant diabetes mellitus is a common and serious metabolic complication after renal transplant. Patients with uremia are known to have abnormal glucose metabolism characterized by insulin resistance and defects in insulin secretion, which are ameliorated to some extent with renal replacement therapy and more so with renal transplant. However, the diabetogenicity of calcineurin inhibitors compounds this state of dysglycemia and promotes the development of diabetes in some patients. It is not clear whether pretransplant dysglycemia is a risk factor for posttransplant diabetes mellitus and, if so, which between insulin resistance and pancreatic β-cell dysfunction is a major determinant in predicting posttransplant diabetes mellitus. Here, we examined the roles of the pretransplant oral glucose tolerance test, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, and homeostatic model assessment-derived insulin resistance and beta-cell function in the prediction of posttransplant diabetes mellitus and the course of these indexes posttransplant. Our aim was to examine the correlations between these factors and their changes posttransplant with the development of posttransplant diabetes mellitus. Materials and Methods: Pretransplant fasting blood was drawn from patients for plasma glucose, insulin, C-peptide, and HbA1c levels, which was followed by a 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test. After transplant, patients were followed for 6 months to detect posttransplant diabetes mellitus. Serum insulin, C-peptide, and glycated hemoglobin levels were reexamined in patients with posttransplant diabetes mellitus at 1 and 6 months. Results: Twenty-one patients (29%) developed posttransplant diabetes mellitus. Pretransplant HbA1c was associated with development of posttransplant diabetes mellitus (odds ratio 27.04) on logistic regression. Homeostatic model assessment-derived insulin resistance improved significantly at 6 months posttransplant, whereas beta-cell function remained lower than pretransplant levels in patients with posttransplant diabetes mellitus. Conclusions: Pretransplant HbA1c may be used as a predictive marker for posttransplant diabetes mellitus. Insulin resistance but not beta-cell function improves in patients with posttransplant diabetes mellitus at 6 months posttransplant.

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Section: Namrata Rao Et Al/experimental and Clinical Transplantationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

Rao

Rathi²,

Sharma³

et al. 2018

Exp Clin Transplant

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“…The Asian Indians show IR (adolescence [46]) and hyperinsulinemia (at birth). A study on the South Asian population shows an increased prevalence rate of diabetes [47], higher level of blood insulin [48], more cases of IR [49], and early signs of decreased activity of pancreatic β-cells [45,50,51]. …”

Section: What Is the Burden Of Dm?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Can Yoga-Based Diabetes Management Studies Facilitate Integrative Medicine in India Current Status and Future Directions

et al. 2017

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Background: India is fast becoming the diabetic capital in the world according to a recent report. Patients with diabetes are at increased risk of mortality due to diabetic complications, which has enormous implications for the health budget. Objectives: The main objective of this review is to provide an overview of the work carried out in the world, including modern and traditional approaches for the prevention and management of diabetes and reducing the chances of onset of further complications via cost-effective lifestyle interventions and integrative medicine. Material and Methods: We performed a literature search from various databases like PubMed, Scopus, Google scholar, etc., using the keywords diabetes, prediabetes, MCI and prediabetes, diabetes and yoga, diabetes. Results: Upon reviewing the published articles, it was noticed that one of the most neglected complications of diabetes, namely cognitive dysfunction, which is characterized by a pattern of vascular dementia and Alzheimer disease (AD), has been largely ignored, and there has been no large study investigating the role of yoga intervention in diabetes and/or associated cognitive impairment. Conclusion: The review article opens new paradigms for researchers to evaluate the connection between diabetes and AD through a yoga-based national campaign on diabetes. This paves the way towards the goal of integrative medicine.

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“…South Asians also typically show more visceral fat deposition, even as infants. 1 The UK SABRE study showed that differences in truncal fat and visceral adipose tissue may contribute to the increased T2D risk among South Asian and African Caribbean people aged 40-69 years compared to white Europeans. The association was especially strong in women.…”

Section: A Mutually Reinforcing Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can we ever really tackle diabetes in ethnic minorities?

Greener¹

2015

Practical Diabetes

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Type 2 diabetes in South Asians: similarities and differences with white Caucasian and other populations

Cited by 328 publications

References 114 publications

Untitled

Untitled

Can Yoga-Based Diabetes Management Studies Facilitate Integrative Medicine in India Current Status and Future Directions

Can we ever really tackle diabetes in ethnic minorities?

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