Type 2 diabetes mellitus and thyroid disease: a two-sided analysis

Sotak, Štefan; Felšöci, Marek; Lazúrová, Ivica

doi:10.4149/bll_2018_067

Cited by 13 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…As can be seen from Table 2, the prevalence of thyroid antibodies positive in the T2DM combined NAFLD group was significantly higher than that in the T2DM group alone, and TPOAb positive are more than TGAb-positive patients, the prevalence of TPOAb-positive was significantly different between the two groups. Other studies have also shown that elevated TPOAb is predominant in patients with positive thyroid autoimmunity whether in patients with T2DM alone and NAFLD alone, 9,25,29 consistent with our findings. This study found that the prevalence of thyroid autoimmunity in patients with T2DM complicated with NAFLD was 6.6%, which was not statistically significant compared with T 2 DM alone group (3.7%), but it also showed a significant upward trend.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Previous studies have found that the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction is significantly higher in patients with T2DM than in the normal population. 18,25 In patients with T2DM, hypothyroidism is the most common type of thyroid dysfunction, with the incidence ranging from 18.3% to 45.2%. 18,25,26 The differences in the above results may be related to different detection methods, different races, and sample sizes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…18,25 In patients with T2DM, hypothyroidism is the most common type of thyroid dysfunction, with the incidence ranging from 18.3% to 45.2%. 18,25,26 The differences in the above results may be related to different detection methods, different races, and sample sizes. The present study showed that FT 4 level in T2DM combined with NAFLD was significantly lower than control group (median FT 4 0.89 vs 1.08, p < 0.001), while TSH level was significantly higher compared with the T2DM group, and the difference was significant (median TSH 2.85 vs 2.28, p < 0.05) (Table 2).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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<p>Elevated TPOAb is a Strong Predictor of Autoimmune Development in Patients of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Case–Control Study</p>

Wang¹,

Niu²,

Lv³

et al. 2020

DMSO

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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<p>Elevated TPOAb is a Strong Predictor of Autoimmune Development in Patients of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Case–Control Study</p>

Wang¹,

Niu²,

Lv³

et al. 2020

DMSO

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“…Our findings are supported by those of Hage et al, who reported that diabetes and thyroid disorders, both of which involve endocrine system dysfunction, tended to coexist in patients, and of Sotak et al, who stated that patients with type 2 diabetes had a higher prevalence of hyperthyroidism and autoimmune thyroid disease. Our and previous findings thus validate the temporal relationship between type 2 diabetes and thyroid disease 42,43 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Temporal trajectories of accompanying comorbidities in patients with type 2 diabetes: a Korean nationwide observational study

Jeong

Park

Kim

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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production of advanced glycation end products [AGEs], a proinflammatory microenvironment, and the induction of oxidative stress 8,9. These mechanisms can lead to diabetic nephropathy, neuropathy, and retinopathy 10. Macrovascular complications, which affect the large vessels of the body, are usually caused by atherosclerosis and may lead to stroke, acute myocardial infarction, or vessel blockage in the legs (i.e., peripheral vascular disease). A recent review suggested that although microvascular complications distinctly precede macrovascular complications, both progress simultaneously on a continuum 11. Most type 2 diabetes-related complications progress over a period of years. Therefore, it would be useful to know the expected clinical trajectories as these data would not only guide the decisions regarding and delivery of early preventive care, but may also help physicians to explain the course of type 2 diabetes and warn their patients about complications. Moreover, the prevalence of type 2 diabetes-related complications is known to differ with respect to age, sex, ethnicity and duration of diabetes 12-19. Therefore, an analysis of the factors affecting the trajectories of complications could provide new insights into patient management, prevention, or treatment. However, most published studies on the complications of type 2 diabetes were limited to one or a few complications and applied large-scale approaches without time considerations. For example, Jeong et al. developed a diagnostic progression network based on claims data with the aim of determining the global patterns of diagnosis in South Korea 20. However, this network provided only information about the associations between diagnosis pairs, rather than the sequential trajectories. Furthermore, Jensen et al. used electronic patient records from a Danish population to suggest temporal trajectory clusters of various diseases, including diabetes, and thus predict disease evolution over time 21. However, these trajectories were only evaluated using full population data, rather than data stratified by different combinations of sex and age. In this study, we aimed to construct time-dependent type 2 diabetes trajectories based on population-wide claim data. These trajectories would be expected to reveal time-critical associations between type 2 diabetes and other diseases and identify differences in the patterns of progression among various age and sex groups. To overcome the insufficient definition of a diagnosis simply as a direct complication of type 2 diabetes according to sequential patterns from claims data, we used the term "accompanying comorbidity" rather than "complication" to encompass all possible relationships with type 2 diabetes. Results Clinical and demographic characteristics of participants in the case-control study. A total of 49,893,982 incidence records and 396,777,916 prescription records for 1,113,655 patients were recorded between January 2002 and December 2013. Among them, 225,406 patients met our defined criteria for a type 2 diabete...

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“…There was also no association between hyperthyroidism and DM development reported in the contemporary literature. [27] In a study that followed a total of 8452 pre-diabetic patients from the Netherlands for 7.9 years, the risk of DM occurrence was lower (0.96) in subjects with higher serum-free T4 level compared with the normal control. [21] In addition, hypothyroidism patients possessed a higher risk (HR: 1.13–1.75) of developing DM than the controls from the above study and in an Israel study of around 60,000 patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thyroid diseases increased the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus

Chen

Man

et al. 2019

Medicine

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Thyroid function may alter carbohydrate metabolism via influence of insulin, which may in terms of derangement of thyroid function and insulin function result in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). We investigated the association of thyroid disorders with T2D by a cohort study of the Taiwan nationwide health insurance database. A sub-dataset of the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) was used in this study. The thyroid disease (both hyper- and hypo-thyroidism) group was chosen from patients older than 18 years and newly diagnosed between 2000 and 2012. The control group consisted of randomly selected patients who never been diagnosed with thyroid disease and 4-fold size frequency matched with the thyroid disease group. The event of this cohort was T2D (ICD-9-CM 250.x1, 250.x2). Primary analysis was performed by comparing the thyroid disease group to the control group and the second analysis was performed by comparing the hyperthyroidism subgroup, hypothyroidism subgroup, and control group. The occurrence of T2D in the thyroid disease group was higher than the control group with hazard ratio (HR) of 1.23 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.16–1.31]. Both hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism were significantly higher than control. Significantly higher HR was also seen in female patients, age category of 18 to 39-year-old (y/o) and 40 to 64 y/o subgroups. Higher occurrence of T2D was also seen in thyroid disease patients without comorbidity than in the control group with HR of 1.47 (95% CI = 1.34–1.60). The highest HR was found in the half-year follow-up. There was a relatively high risk of T2D development in patients with thyroid dysfunctions, especially in the period of 0.5 to 1 year after presentation of thyroid dysfunctions. The results suggest performing blood sugar tests in patients with thyroid diseases for early detection and treatment of T2D.

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Type 2 diabetes mellitus and thyroid disease: a two-sided analysis

Abstract: Patients with T2DM showed to have higher prevalence of AITD and primary hypothyroidism. We did not find higher prevalence of T2DM in patients with thyroid diseases (Tab. 3, Ref. 29).

Cited by 13 publications

References 20 publications

<p>Elevated TPOAb is a Strong Predictor of Autoimmune Development in Patients of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Case–Control Study</p>

<p>Elevated TPOAb is a Strong Predictor of Autoimmune Development in Patients of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Case–Control Study</p>

Temporal trajectories of accompanying comorbidities in patients with type 2 diabetes: a Korean nationwide observational study

Thyroid diseases increased the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus

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